BIO SCI 38 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Cannabinoid

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Neurons are like batteries that have 2 different pools of atoms that are charged: positive and negative, there are many negative ions that are attracted to positive ions. Neurons are polarized there are a difference in charge between the inside and outside. Selective membrane permeability only some ions can pass through neuron membranes. Electrostatic potential opposites attract, likes repel: positive and negative ions are attracted. Diffusion gradient ions will move from areas of high concentration to low concentration. Why are they polarized: sodium/potassium pump: maintains resting potential (the negative charge that neurons usually have, 3 sodium ions out, 2 potassium ions in, uses atp (energy) Action potential: what happens when a neuron fires, digital signal (all or none, axon hillock: the firing pin of the neuron, voltage gated ion channels: open and close at certain voltage. When the voltage-gates na+ channels at the axon hillock hit threshold potential, they open, and the neuron rapidly depolarizes due to na+ rushing inside.