BIO SCI 45 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Neurofibrillary Tangle, Acalculia, Hypertension
30 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Dementia is a syndrome involving loss of cognitive functions; it is an umbrella term. Alzheimer"s is the most common cause of dementia. Dementia can be reversible or irreversible whereas alzheimer"s is only irreversible. Aphasia: loss of ability to understand or express speech. Apraxia: inability to link skilled motor movements to ideas or representations. Agnosia: deficit in recognizing objects that occurs in the absence of deficits in sensory processing. In alzheimer"s, symptoms of dementia increase gradually. Plaques are beta-amyloid protein aggregates that form clusters of misfolded protein outside cell bodies. Serve as tracks for the transport of cellular elements from the cell body to the axonal terminals. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and nmda receptor antagonists can help. Frontotemporal dementia differs from ad in the way that it is associated with shrinkage of only frontal and temporal lobes. Deficits in emotional, behavioral, and moral reasoning. Specific cell loss in dopaminergic neurons in the brain. Deep brain stimulation to stimulate dopamine production.
