BIO SCI 94 Lecture 10: Ch. 29 Bacteria and Archaea Part 1
29 Jan 2019
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Bacteria, archaea-2 largest branches on tree of life. Members of bacteria/archaea nearly all unicellular, all are prokaryotic. Type of molecules which make their cell walls/plasma membranes. Machinery used to transcribe dna/translate mrna into proteins. Lineages in bacteria/archaea ancient, diverse, abundant, ubiquitous. Oldest bacteria fossil 3. 5 billions years old. 5000 bacteria/ archaea discovered, millions more left to name/describe. 10 times the number of bacterial/archaeal cells than human cells in body. Bacteria/archaea found 1600 meters beneath world"s ocean. Estimated number of living prokaryotes is over 5x1030. Lined up and chained, chain will be longer than milky way. Volume of living material-bacteria/archaea dominant life forms. Found in depths of 10,000m and temperatures from 0-121 c. New phyla of bacteria/archaea discovered in field of microbiology. Common in human gut, used to produce foods and alcohol. Model organism in search of extraterrestrial life. Enzymes only work in extreme temperatures/pressure-used in industrial processes. 2004, first achaean which causes periodontitis discovered.
