EARTHSS 23 Lecture 6: ESS23 Lecture 9 and 10
10 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Weather: what will happen in the next weeks, months or year. Temperature inversion: keeps pollutants down low and does not allow them to rise up and disperse into atmosphere. Temperature profile: neutral: same temperature air, balloon stays put, stable: higher temperature air, balloon cannot rise, unstable: lower temperature air, balloon can rise. Adiabatic expansion in unsaturated air (dry: rising air expands, expanding air cools, rising air cools, unsaturated air cools +10c per 1 km rise in altitude, dry adiabatic lapse rate = +10c/km, the plus indicates a decrease. Adiabatic expansion in saturated air (wet: saturated air cools +6c per 1 km rise in altitude, +10c/km cooling due to expansion, wet adiabatic lapse rate = +6c/km. Environmental lapse rate: air temperature change with increasing altitude (negative means an increase with increasing altitude) Large scale subsidence inversion: warm air from subsidence, cool marine air. Radiation inversion: warm radiated air, surface air cooled.
