EARTHSS 60B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Public Good, Industrial Revolution

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Professor Heidi Hardt
UCI department of Political Science
A Public Bad: The Politics of Negotiating Climate Change
Rise in carbon emissions after industrial revolution and cold war and others
Large distribution and variety in CO2 use between different countries
Colonialism halted certain countries to develop in the future
By exploiting labor, people, resources
Bigger populations could mean larger amounts of CO2 emissions
Climate change is a “public bad”
Public good = good that is non excludable and non rivalrous
Cannot exclude anyone from using it
One part of it does not reduce another part
Public bads are also Collective Action Problems
Special type of public good- negatively affecting the quality of life of
everybody
Collective problem- no individual person has incentive to take care of it
Climate change- no individual country wants to take the
responsibility and pay the cost, and don’t have the incentives to fix
it for everyone
Global actors in environmental politics- assisting in helping fix climate change or adding
to the negative effects
MNCs- multinational corporations
NGOs - non-governmental organizations (individuals)
IOs - International Organizations (countries)
Epistemic communities - group of experts
State negotiators in Paris- Facing the two-level game
Trying to appeal to the Domestic and the international level
Negotiations: INDIA
Top priority is to get people out of poverty
We need clean water, sanitation, education, birth control and contraceptive as well as
sex education
How do we reduce carbon emissions while still developing technology and making jobs?
How can other developed countries fund us or help us? What trade?
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Document Summary

A public bad: the politics of negotiating climate change. Rise in carbon emissions after industrial revolution and cold war and others. Large distribution and variety in co2 use between different countries. Colonialism halted certain countries to develop in the future. Bigger populations could mean larger amounts of co2 emissions. One part of it does not reduce another part. Public bads are also collective action problems. Special type of public good- negatively affecting the quality of life of everybody. Collective problem- no individual person has incentive to take care of it. Climate change- no individual country wants to take the responsibility and pay the cost, and don"t have the incentives to fix it for everyone. Global actors in environmental politics- assisting in helping fix climate change or adding to the negative effects. State negotiators in paris- facing the two-level game. Trying to appeal to the domestic and the international level. Top priority is to get people out of poverty.

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