PSY BEH 11C Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Lewis Terman, Intelligence Quotient, Theory Of Multiple Intelligences
17 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
PSB 11A WEEK 6 LECTURE 2/10/16
• Intelligence-ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly,
comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience
• Alfred Binet
◦Wanted to identify children who needed remedial education
◦Developed the IQ
◦Viewed intelligence as a general ability
◦Calculated a ratio based on test performance(IQ test)
• Lewis Terman
◦Brought the IQ test to the U.S.
◦Interested in identifying gifted students and comparing adults on
intelligence
◦Developed Stanford-Binet Test
◦Changed the calculation of the IQ
• IQ test
◦They are reliable
◦Good correlations
◦Correlates with later GPA, work success, longevity
◦Lower intelligence most likely to get into trouble
• Spearman
◦Thought there was a general intelligence factor (g) that contributes
to all abilities
◦But then other specific abilities that are partially separate
•Fluid g
◦Ability to deal with new and unusual problems
• Mental speed and flexibility
• Peaks at 18-19 then decreases over time
• Crystalized g
◦Repertoire of acquired skills and information
• Crawls up over time
• Correlated but different
• Practical Intelligence-often seen in business: find effective solutions to
problems (street smart)
• Analytic Intelligence- measured most often by IQ tests
• Emotional Intelligence-ability to perceive and understand emotions, as well
as to use emotions to facilitate thinking
• Multiple Intelligence
◦Howard Gardner posted 8 types of intelligence
◦Linguistic
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
◦Logical-Mathematical
◦Spatial
◦Musical
◦Bodily Kinesthetic
◦Interpersonal
◦Interpersonal
◦Naturalistic
• What determines intelligence?
◦Nature vs. Nurture
• Is intelligence genetically-determined?
• Or a function of learning environment?
• Or some of both?
◦Implications for whether and how much intelligence can be improved
◦Politically sensitive re group differences
• Determining Genetic Contribution
◦Problem is that genetics and environment are naturally confounded
• Alcoholism runs in my family
◦In normal circumstances, people grow up with the people they are
related to
• Exception adopted children
• Most interesting cases are identical twins raised
apart(suggests there is more genetics based intelligence than
environment based)
• Group Differences in IQ
◦Consistent mean difference in IQ scores of A.A. and Whites
• 10-15 point difference
• Me and women in math scores differ
◦Many want to explain as genetic difference
◦Between group differences are overwhelmed by within group
differences
• Importance of Environment
◦Only 50% of intelligence is inherited
◦Studies show clear environmental effects
• Longer in poor environment=lower IQ
• Adoption increases IQ in general, more for higher SES
parents
• Education increases IQ
• Flynn Effect-- worldwide increase in IQ
• Environmental Explanations for racial IQ differences
◦Race is a hypothetical construct
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
2/10/16: intelligence-ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. Alfred binet: wanted to identify children who needed remedial education, developed the iq. Viewed intelligence as a general ability: calculated a ratio based on test performance(iq test) Interested in identifying gifted students and comparing adults on intelligence: developed stanford-binet test, changed the calculation of the iq. They are reliable: good correlations, correlates with later gpa, work success, longevity. Lower intelligence most likely to get into trouble. Thought there was a general intelligence factor (g) that contributes to all abilities. But then other speci c abilities that are partially separate. Ability to deal with new and unusual problems: mental speed and exibility. Crystalized g: repertoire of acquired skills and information. Practical intelligence-often seen in business: nd effective solutions to problems (street smart) Analytic intelligence- measured most often by iq tests.
