PSYCH 7A Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Railways Act 1921, Retina, Binocular Disparity
29 Jun 2018
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PSYCH 7A - Lecture 8 - Sensation & Perception (cont.)
Perceiving Pitch: Place Theory
●Place Theory
○different parts of the basilar membrane are responsive to different frequencies
○high frequencies produce large vibrations near the beginning of the membrane
○lower frequencies produce large vibrations near the end of the membrane
Perceiving Pitch: Frequency Theory
●Frequency Theory
○whole basilar membrane vibrates
○nerve impulses are triggered at same rate as frequency of sound wave
Volley Principle
●Higher rates of firing can be accomplished if neural cells work together and alternate
firing
Perceptual Organization
●Sometimes our perception of an entire stimulus has qualities that don’t exist in the
individual parts.
●Gestalt psychologists believed that, in perception, the whole is more than the sum of its
parts.
●EXAMPLE: The Necker cube
○individual elements just circles with white lines
○when put together it’s something more than just 8 of these individual
elements – we perceive a cube
●Gestalt psychologists described principles by which we organize sensations into
perceptions.
Figure and Ground
●One of the first things we do in perceiving an object is to separate it from its
surroundings (background).
●We always separate an image into a figure seen against a ground.
●The same stimulus can trigger more than one perception!
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Psych 7a - lecture 8 - sensation & perception (cont. ) Different parts of the basilar membrane are responsive to different frequencies. High frequencies produce large vibrations near the beginning of the membrane. Lower frequencies produce large vibrations near the end of the membrane. Nerve impulses are triggered at same rate as frequency of sound wave. Higher rates of firing can be accomplished if neural cells work together and alternate firing. Sometimes our perception of an entire stimulus has qualities that don"t exist in the individual parts. Gestalt psychologists believed that, in perception, the whole is more than the sum of its parts. Individual elements just circles with white lines. When put together it"s something more than just 8 of these individual elements we perceive a cube. Gestalt psychologists described principles by which we organize sensations into perceptions. One of the first things we do in perceiving an object is to separate it from its surroundings (background).
