PUBHLTH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Elisa, Basic Reproduction Number, Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Incubation period the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness. Each infectious disease has a characteristic incubation period, dependent upon: rate of growth of organism in the host, dosage of the infectious agent, portal of entry. Thus, the incubation period varies by disease and individual. Orient data in terms of time, person, and place. Verify that the suspected outbreak is a real outbreak: number of reported cases exceeds expected number. Compare magnitude of current problem with baseline data: problematic if there is a lack of surveillance, must consider seasonal variation. Excess number of cases may not be indicative of an outbreak: changes in local reporting reporting procedures, changes in case definition. Improvements in diagnostic procedures: changes in population size. The basic reproduction number r0 = average number of new infectious cases generated by one primary case during its entire period of infectiousness in a susceptible population. R0 < 1 -> only small epidemics.

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