BIOL 005B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Osmosis, Excavata, Ciliate
Document Summary
Photoautotrophs, obtain nutrients through light and co2 absorption. Heterotrophs, take in organic nutrients like sugars. Mixotrophs, can incorporate and combine various methods of feeding. 5 super groups of eukaryotes: unikonta, excavata, chromoalveolates, archaeplastida, rhizaria. Two groups of amoebazoans: gymnoamoebas and entamoebas. Gymnoamoebas are free living organisms that live in a variety of habitats. These organisms grow by a process known as cytoplasmic streaming. They cytoplasm goes from solution to a gel; reversible process. The liquid-gel phase changes help for locomotion and feeding (phagocytosis). Digests phagocytized food with a food vacuole. Remove excess water via a contractile vacuole. Diffusion and osmosis constantly change the composition of the cytoplasm so regulation is required. Some kinetoplastids are free living and others are parasitic. African trypanosomiasis ( sleeping sickness"; fatal if untreated, difficult to treat) Leishmaniasis (tropics, causes organ damage and nasty skin sores) These diseases are spread through insect bites. Two groups of alveolates are the ciliates and apicomplexans.
