ANT 4521 Lecture 2: Basic Osteology
Document Summary
*notes taken from the lectures of dr. john shultz* Osteology: study of the skeleton, refers to human bones. Non-human osteology: refers to animal bones, forensic anthro, requires knowledge of both human and non-human bones. Functions of bones: support, protection, movement, store minerals and fat, blood cell formation. Directional terms: superior and inferior, anterior (ventral, posterior (dorsal, medial and lateral, proximal and distal, directional terms refer to bones as though they are correctly situated in anatomical position. Refers to right and left sides: coronal. 206 bones: up to 600 for fetal and infant, 28 bones form skull. Axial skeleton: midline, skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum, hyoid. Appendicular skeleton: upper and lower extremities, girdles. Medullary cavity: hollow area within medullary cavity. Bone growth: epiphyseal plate is growth plate. Metaphysis: refers to developing skeleton, term not used in adults, expanded area of diaphysis where the epiphysis will eventually fuse, once fused, becomes epiphysis.
