BSC 2011C Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Mycoplasma Laboratorium, Antimicrobial Resistance, Selective Breeding
Document Summary
Unequal distribution of species density: tropical forests hold 50% of species. Living things maintain order via: metabolism, heredity. Heredity: replicate genetics in next generation: multiplication, inheritance, hereditable variation. Viruses: heredity, no metabolism, not alive. Dna stores information: proteins build, all life on earth has the same hereditary code. Mycoplasma laboratorium: bacteria with man-made genome. Charles darwin: hereditable variation, organisms produce more offspring than can survive, those with favorable traits are more likely to survive, accumulation of favorable traits over time, natural selection. Lamarck: use and disuse, inheritance of acquired characteristics, wrong. Evidence for evolution: artificial selection, direct observations, homology, fossil record, biogeography. Artificial selection: selective breeding od individuals with desired traits, changes phenotype/genotype. Homology: similarity resulting from ancestry, molecular homology. Psuedogenes: dysfunctional versions of genes that work in ancestral organisms but have lost protein coding function. Convergent evolution: independently evolved adaptation in different groups based on similar environments, also called analogous .
