HSC 4555 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Great Vessels, Pericarditis, Unstable Angina

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30 Apr 2016
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Cardiac ischemia occurs when the heart"s demand for oxygenated blood exceeds its supply. In most cases, ischemia is a result of impaired blood flow through the coronary arteries. Risk factors for chd are the same as for atherosclerosis of other arteries and include advancing age, male gender, family history, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, and obesity. Endothelial injury and inflammation and lipid accumulation in the intima are thought to be the primary initiators of coronary atherosclerosis. Early atherosclerotic lesions are asymptomatic precursor lesions in which lipids begin to accumulate in the arterial wall. Advanced lesions may cause symptoms because of progressive arterial occlusion or acute plaque disruption and thrombus formation. Vulnerable plaques may rupture or become eroded, which stimulates clot formation on the plaque. Plaques with a large lipid core, thin cap, or high shear stress are vulnerable plaques. Chronic occlusion of a coronary vessel is associated with the clinical syndrome of stable angina.

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