NUR 3125 Lecture 7: Alterations immunity notes

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19 Feb 2017
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Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the host. Allergy: deleterious effects of hypersensitivity to environmental (exogenous) antigens. Autoimmunity: disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens. Alloimmunity: immune reaction to tissues of another individual (transfusions or fetus) Require sensitization that results in a primary immune response. Reactions occur within minutes to a few hours after exposure. Rapid and severe, either systemic or cutaneous. Can lead to airway edema and systemic shock. May take several hours, at maximum severity days after re-exposure to the antigen. Affects multiple tissues with large number of mast cells. Ige binds to receptors on surface of mast cells (cytotropic antibody) Specific cell or tissue is target of response. Antigen rests on plasma membrane of specific cell. All type ii reactions begin with antibody binding to tissue-specific antigen. Cell is destroyed by antibodies (igm or igg) and complement. Results in destruction of cell membrane and lysis of cell.

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