PCB 3703C Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Glucocerebrosidase, Ribosome, Atherosclerosis
24 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
A cell has three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Cell membrane: structure: formed by phospholipids, it"s a double layer known as a bilayer. Phospholipids have a head which is hydrophilic or lyophobic and the tail which is hydrophobic or lipophilic: has two proteins: integral protein and peripheral protein. Integral proteins: act as receptors for some hormones such as insulin and neurotransmitters such as dopamine. Any change to integral proteins can cause hormonal disorders because endocrine hormones cannot show their physiologic reaction on target cells without having specific receptors (same as integral proteins). Peripheral proteins: separates cytoplasm environment from the cell membrane. Support cytoplasmic side of membrane with a network of filaments: glycocalyx: sugar covering or cell coat. Projected from external surface of glycoproteins or glycolipids. Produced by corneal epithelial surface cells: function of cell membrane. Important for diffusion and transport of substances and ions. Most larger water-soluble or charged molecules such as glucose are through active transport.
