BMD RES 5HA Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Circulatory System, Lymph Node, Heart
23 May 2018
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model organisms:
• excellent genetic systems
- Yeast, C. elegans, Drosophila, Zebrafish
• Experimentation & manipulation:
- Eggs can be modified in Xenupus (frogs) & chickens
• Genomic analyses:
- Fugu has compact genome -> fewer introns -> easier to find genes
- Mouse: mammal, more closely related
- Chimpanzee: largely identical genes with human (not many experiments done on
them)
➢ Gene regulation (when & where genes turned on/off)
• THIS COURSE: which genes are required for normal blood cell development in
Drosophila?
• Two places where blood cells made in Drosophila
- As embryogenesis proceeds, blood cells made in the head region & circulate in
larva (open circulatory system in larva, hemolymph)
➢ Hemolymph arises from head region
- 2nd from trunk mesoderm -> cardiogenic mesoder gies rise to tue/aorta i
flies
➢ subset cells in larva develop into adult, others break down
➢ cells of lymph gland disintegrate, blood cells in it differentiate
- Blood cells arise from the head mesoderm region, to populate the embryo and larval
circulation, and from the cardiogenic/lateral mesoderm region, which forms the lymph gland
and contributes blood cells to circulation in the pupa and adult.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Yeast, c. elegans, drosophila, zebrafish: experimentation & manipulation: Eggs can be modified in xenupus (frogs) & chickens: genomic analyses: Fugu has compact genome -> fewer introns -> easier to find genes. Chimpanzee: largely identical genes with human (not many experiments done on them) Gene regulation (when & where genes turned on/off: this course: which genes are required for normal blood cell development in. Drosophila: two places where blood cells made in drosophila. As embryogenesis proceeds, blood cells made in the head region & circulate in larva (open circulatory system in larva, hemolymph) 2nd from trunk mesoderm -> cardiogenic mesoder(cid:373) gi(cid:448)es rise to (cid:862)tu(cid:271)e(cid:863)/aorta i(cid:374) flies. Subset cells in larva develop into adult, others break down. Cells of lymph gland disintegrate, blood cells in it differentiate. Disrupt gene function -> phenotype changes (vs control) Plants -> crossing -> heredity (genotypes) vs traits (phenotypes) Observable traits/qualities due to genotypes (genes) and environment. Keep the environment same to rule out effect.
