CHEM 153L Lecture 14: Biofuels
8 Feb 2017
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Fossil fuels: a fuel formed in earth from dead plants/animal remains. Burning fossil fuels pollutes environment, so alternative energy sources necessary, like renewable energy sources (solar, wind, water, geothermal, biomass) Biofuels: a fuel (as wood or ethanol) composed of or produced from biological raw materials. Various raw plant materials (either high in carbs or high in lipids) fed to microorganisms containing enzymes for biofuel production: rapeseed oil palm transesterification biodiesel, sugar cane/sugar beet fermentation ethanol, waste plant material anaerobic digestion biogas or fermentation transest. Alkanes, alcohols, hydrogen, fatty acid alkyl ester: algae cultivation (directly produce fuel since perform photosynthesis) alkanes, alcohols, hydrogen, fatty acid alkyl ester. Energy for biofuels comes from sunlight that plants convert to carbs via photosynthesis. Sources for energy during biofuel production: disaccharide sucrose (glucose + fructose hexose) from sugar cane/sugar beet. Sucrose d-fructose and d-glucose via enzyme sucrose. Phosphorylation of d-glucose glucose-6-phosphate via enzyme hexokinase.
