CHICANO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Chicano Movement, Cisgender, Hispanic And Latino Americans
7 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Gender
A social construction
-
Learn what it means to be make and female through socialization
-
Determines what is expected, allowed, and valued in a woman or a man in
a given context; in a specific time period
-
Changeable
-
Gender is fluid
-
Ascribed differences and inequalities between women and men
Responsibilities
○
Activities
○
Resources
○
Decision making
○
Socially acceptable behavior
○
-
Part of a system of patriarchy
Male privilege
○
-
Most people identify as cisgender
Matches gender assigned at birth
○
-
Transgender
Does not match gender assigned at birth
○
-
Gender Binary
Includes male and female
○
-
Non-binary
Not conforming to the binary genders
○
-
Chicanx/Latinx
To reflect fluid genders
-
To break the gender binary of Latina/o
-
Binary ways of thinking are problematic
Revilla and Santillana
Heterosexism
a system of advantages that unfairly privileges heterosexuals
○
-
Heterosexual privilege
a set of unearned benefits and advantages that people who conform
with or identify as heterosexual automatically inherit in a
heterosexist society
○
-
Heteronormativity
the belief in and enforcement of heterosexuality as "normal" and
superior to any other sexual identity
○
-
Compulsory heterosexuality
refers to the idea that heterosexuality is a mandatory, forced, or
coercive sexual orientation/identity
○
-
Muxerista
A person who identifies as a Chicana/Latina/o feminist and activist
○
-
Rodriguez
Political and national liberation for Chicanos through the party of "La
Familia de La Raza" (Chicano liberation youth conference - El plan
Espiritual de Aztlan)
-
"an emergent cultural politics based on the family" (124)
-
"La Familia de la Raza crucially functioned as both an organizing
principle an understood the family as an entity under a symbol of unity."
(124)
-
"'La Familia de La Raza' ultimately understood the family as an entity
undergirded by heterosexual procreation" (125)
Informed cultural production
○
-
La Familia de Joaquin Chiñas
Strong husband/father at center, in control of family, recruiting folks to El
Movimiento
-
Dutiful wife/mother faces family (not her own liberation)
-
Gets reproduced in many spaces/publications
-
Symbol of El Movimiento
-
La Familia (Mural) by Wayne Healy and David Botello
"Our heritage is the foundation…"
-
Rodriguez (136) Galarte (231)
Why and how did the
insistence on a nuclear
Chicano family romance
evolve into the "fact" of
cultural tradition?
Gwen Amber Rose Araujo (1985-2002)
What are the pitfalls of
such "Traditional"
configurations of the
family within the social
equity project of the
Chicano movement.
"I believe that Gwen's last words - 'please,
don't. I have a family' - were not spoken in
vain . We, la joteria, are indeed her familia,
and we must not forget her or the countless
other queer Chican@s and Latin@s who have
died violently at the hands of others…"
-
Galarte
"I call for us to move hacia la vida - toward life. To do so, joteria studies
through its pedagogy, must (a) maintain a political commitment to justice
for all of its queer folk and allies alike; (b) reaffirm the importance of
queer and transformative love, and (c ) continue to redefine what and
where counts as home." (232)
-
"Considering new reading practices means exploring what is
unannounced, listening for the iterations of silences within the analytic
boundaries between race and sexuality, which can push us to think of
gender as much more dynamic and as spatially and temporarily
contingent." (233)
-
"a new generation of joteria studies" (233)
-
Moraga: Political, Historical Context
Women's movement: racism
-
Gay and lesbian movement: elitism
-
Chicano movement: sexism and homophobia
-
Latin American Solidarity Movement: benign imperialism (146)
-
AIDS Epidemic; environmental disaster; 500 years of colonization
-
Queer Aztlan:
"a Chicano homeland that could embrace all its people, including its
joteria" (147)
○
-
Joteria
Chicano term for queer folks
○
-
"A new Chicano nationalism calls for the integration of both the
traditional and the revolutionary, the ancient and the contemporary. It
requires a serious reckoning with the weaknesses in our mestizo culture,
and a reaffirmation of what has preserved and sustained us as a people. I
am clear about one thing: fear has not sustained us. Fear of action, fear of
speaking, fear of women, fears of queers." (174)
-
What was right about Chicano nationalism
Commitment to preserving integrity of Chicanos
○
Chicano consciousness, autonomy, self determination
○
-
What was wrong:
…
○
-
Moraga on Nationalism (149)
Progressive nationalism
Righteous radicalism
○
Unabashed and anti-assimilation
○
Rebeldia
○
-
Nationalism in general
Tendency toward separatism
○
Dangerously close to biological determinism
○
A kind of fascism
○
-
"I cling to the word 'nation' because without the specific naming of the
nation, the nation will be lost (as when feminism gets reduced to
humanism, the woman is subsumed). Let us retain out radical naming but
expand it to meet a broader and wiser revolution." (150)
-
Moraga: differences in Nativity
"radicalization among people of Mexican ancestry in this country most
often occurs when the Mexican ceases to be a Mexican and becomes a
Chicano…(154) They are the ones who like their Black, Asian, and native
American counterparts, doubt the 'American dream' because even if they
got to UC Berkeley, my their brother is still on crack in Boyle
Heights…My working-class and middle-class Mexican immigrant
students, on the other hand, have not yet had their self-esteem not that of
their parents and grandparents worn away by north american
racism…their Mexican pride sustains them through the daily assaults on
their intelligence, integrity, and humanity." (155)
-
"the preservation of this 'culturally correct' familia, certain topics were
censored both in cultural and political spheres as not 'socially relevant' to
Chicanos and typically not sanctioned in the Mexican household"
(157-158)
People were being left out and excluded because they couldn't share
problems or because their identities were not included:
Female sexuality
§
Male homosexuality
§
Lesbianism
§
Incest
§
Violence against women
§
○
-
Queerness in relation to family
Revilla Santillana
"I say at the kitchen table with my mother and
said, "Mom, I think that if I ever meet a woman
that I'm attracted to, I will fate her.' My mom, a
working-class Tejana who raised us on her own
since the age of 30 replied, 'you know what mija?
I think I would do the same thing. I think I only
married your dad because I was expected to.' ever
since then, my mother and I have both openly
proclaimed our desire for and attraction to both
women and men."(158)
"I remember my tia Angela
storming into my cousin's
room and shouting at me as
I played Barbies with my
primas, 'What are you
doing? Barbies are for girls,
not little boys!'…I was
prohibited from exploring
my femininity."
I emphasize ancestors because as Joteria, our past is often erased and
denied. Therefore, as Jota/os we must acknowledge and celebrate that we,
too, have lineages." (171)
-
"My research is more than an academic project and is indeed a tool for
survival and resistance - as is true for so many of us who engage in joteria
studies and activism."(170)
-
Revilla and Santillana: Joteria Identity/Consciousness (174)
Is rooted in fun, laughter, and radical queer love,1.
Is embedded in a Mexican, Latin American, Indigenous, and African
diasporic past and present,
2.
Is derived from the terms Jota and Joto and has been reclaimed as an
identity/consciousness of empowerment,
3.
Is based on queer Latina/o and Chicana/o and gender-nonconforming
realities or lived experiences,
4.
Is committed to multidimensional social justice and activism,5.
Values gender and sexual fluidity and expressions.6.
Values the exploration of identities individually and collectively7.
Rejects homophobia, heteronormativity, racism, patriarchy, xenophobia,
gender discrimination, classism, colonization, citizenism, and any other
forms of subordination,
8.
Claims and is aligned with feminist/muxerista pedagogy and praxis,9.
Claims and immigrants and working class background/origin10.
Claims a queer Latinx and Chicanx ancestry, and11.
Supports community members and family in their efforts to avoid and heal
from multidimensional battle fatigue.
12.
Lecture'10
Wednesday,) May)2,)2018
10:03)AM
Gender
A social construction
-
Learn what it means to be make and female through socialization
-
Determines what is expected, allowed, and valued in a woman or a man in
a given context; in a specific time period
-
Changeable
-
Gender is fluid
-
Ascribed differences and inequalities between women and men
Responsibilities
○
Activities
○
Resources
○
Decision making
○
Socially acceptable behavior
○
-
Part of a system of patriarchy
Male privilege
○
-
Most people identify as cisgender
Matches gender assigned at birth
○
-
Transgender
Does not match gender assigned at birth
○
-
Gender Binary
Includes male and female
○
-
Non-binary
Not conforming to the binary genders
○
-
Chicanx/Latinx
To reflect fluid genders
-
To break the gender binary of Latina/o
-
Binary ways of thinking are problematic
Revilla and Santillana
Heterosexism
a system of advantages that unfairly privileges heterosexuals
○
-
Heterosexual privilege
a set of unearned benefits and advantages that people who conform
with or identify as heterosexual automatically inherit in a
heterosexist society
○
-
Heteronormativity
the belief in and enforcement of heterosexuality as "normal" and
superior to any other sexual identity
○
-
Compulsory heterosexuality
refers to the idea that heterosexuality is a mandatory, forced, or
coercive sexual orientation/identity
○
-
Muxerista
A person who identifies as a Chicana/Latina/o feminist and activist
○
-
Rodriguez
Political and national liberation for Chicanos through the party of "La
Familia de La Raza" (Chicano liberation youth conference - El plan
Espiritual de Aztlan)
-
"an emergent cultural politics based on the family" (124)
-
"La Familia de la Raza crucially functioned as both an organizing
principle an understood the family as an entity under a symbol of unity."
(124)
-
"'La Familia de La Raza' ultimately understood the family as an entity
undergirded by heterosexual procreation" (125)
Informed cultural production
○
-
La Familia de Joaquin Chiñas
Strong husband/father at center, in control of family, recruiting folks to El
Movimiento
-
Dutiful wife/mother faces family (not her own liberation)
-
Gets reproduced in many spaces/publications
-
Symbol of El Movimiento
-
La Familia (Mural) by Wayne Healy and David Botello
"Our heritage is the foundation…"
-
Rodriguez (136)
Galarte (231)
Why and how did the
insistence on a nuclear
Chicano family romance
evolve into the "fact" of
cultural tradition?
Gwen Amber Rose Araujo (1985-2002)
What are the pitfalls of
such "Traditional"
configurations of the
family within the social
equity project of the
Chicano movement.
"I believe that Gwen's last words - 'please,
don't. I have a family' - were not spoken in
vain . We, la joteria, are indeed her familia,
and we must not forget her or the countless
other queer Chican@s and Latin@s who have
died violently at the hands of others…"
-
Galarte
"I call for us to move hacia la vida - toward life. To do so, joteria studies
through its pedagogy, must (a) maintain a political commitment to justice
for all of its queer folk and allies alike; (b) reaffirm the importance of
queer and transformative love, and (c ) continue to redefine what and
where counts as home." (232)
-
"Considering new reading practices means exploring what is
unannounced, listening for the iterations of silences within the analytic
boundaries between race and sexuality, which can push us to think of
gender as much more dynamic and as spatially and temporarily
contingent." (233)
-
"a new generation of joteria studies" (233)
-
Moraga: Political, Historical Context
Women's movement: racism
-
Gay and lesbian movement: elitism
-
Chicano movement: sexism and homophobia
-
Latin American Solidarity Movement: benign imperialism (146)
-
AIDS Epidemic; environmental disaster; 500 years of colonization
-
Queer Aztlan:
"a Chicano homeland that could embrace all its people, including its
joteria" (147)
○
-
Joteria
Chicano term for queer folks
○
-
"A new Chicano nationalism calls for the integration of both the
traditional and the revolutionary, the ancient and the contemporary. It
requires a serious reckoning with the weaknesses in our mestizo culture,
and a reaffirmation of what has preserved and sustained us as a people. I
am clear about one thing: fear has not sustained us. Fear of action, fear of
speaking, fear of women, fears of queers." (174)
-
What was right about Chicano nationalism
Commitment to preserving integrity of Chicanos
○
Chicano consciousness, autonomy, self determination
○
-
What was wrong:
…
○
-
Moraga on Nationalism (149)
Progressive nationalism
Righteous radicalism
○
Unabashed and anti-assimilation
○
Rebeldia
○
-
Nationalism in general
Tendency toward separatism
○
Dangerously close to biological determinism
○
A kind of fascism
○
-
"I cling to the word 'nation' because without the specific naming of the
nation, the nation will be lost (as when feminism gets reduced to
humanism, the woman is subsumed). Let us retain out radical naming but
expand it to meet a broader and wiser revolution." (150)
-
Moraga: differences in Nativity
"radicalization among people of Mexican ancestry in this country most
often occurs when the Mexican ceases to be a Mexican and becomes a
Chicano…(154) They are the ones who like their Black, Asian, and native
American counterparts, doubt the 'American dream' because even if they
got to UC Berkeley, my their brother is still on crack in Boyle
Heights…My working-class and middle-class Mexican immigrant
students, on the other hand, have not yet had their self-esteem not that of
their parents and grandparents worn away by north american
racism…their Mexican pride sustains them through the daily assaults on
their intelligence, integrity, and humanity." (155)
-
"the preservation of this 'culturally correct' familia, certain topics were
censored both in cultural and political spheres as not 'socially relevant' to
Chicanos and typically not sanctioned in the Mexican household"
(157-158)
People were being left out and excluded because they couldn't share
problems or because their identities were not included:
Female sexuality
§
Male homosexuality
§
Lesbianism
§
Incest
§
Violence against women
§
○
-
Queerness in relation to family
Revilla Santillana
"I say at the kitchen table with my mother and
said, "Mom, I think that if I ever meet a woman
that I'm attracted to, I will fate her.' My mom, a
working-class Tejana who raised us on her own
since the age of 30 replied, 'you know what mija?
I think I would do the same thing. I think I only
married your dad because I was expected to.' ever
since then, my mother and I have both openly
proclaimed our desire for and attraction to both
women and men."(158)
"I remember my tia Angela
storming into my cousin's
room and shouting at me as
I played Barbies with my
primas, 'What are you
doing? Barbies are for girls,
not little boys!'…I was
prohibited from exploring
my femininity."
I emphasize ancestors because as Joteria, our past is often erased and
denied. Therefore, as Jota/os we must acknowledge and celebrate that we,
too, have lineages." (171)
-
"My research is more than an academic project and is indeed a tool for
survival and resistance - as is true for so many of us who engage in joteria
studies and activism."(170)
-
Revilla and Santillana: Joteria Identity/Consciousness (174)
Is rooted in fun, laughter, and radical queer love,1.
Is embedded in a Mexican, Latin American, Indigenous, and African
diasporic past and present,
2.
Is derived from the terms Jota and Joto and has been reclaimed as an
identity/consciousness of empowerment,
3.
Is based on queer Latina/o and Chicana/o and gender-nonconforming
realities or lived experiences,
4.
Is committed to multidimensional social justice and activism,5.
Values gender and sexual fluidity and expressions.6.
Values the exploration of identities individually and collectively7.
Rejects homophobia, heteronormativity, racism, patriarchy, xenophobia,
gender discrimination, classism, colonization, citizenism, and any other
forms of subordination,
8.
Claims and is aligned with feminist/muxerista pedagogy and praxis,9.
Claims and immigrants and working class background/origin10.
Claims a queer Latinx and Chicanx ancestry, and11.
Supports community members and family in their efforts to avoid and heal
from multidimensional battle fatigue.
12.
Lecture'10
Wednesday,) May)2,)2018 10:03)AM
