HIST 8B Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Republic Of Texas, Reform War, Debt Moratorium
Lecture 12
Texas Revolts
● 1821-1834: Austin receives grant to settle Texas
○ Mexican gov promotes Colonization
■ American citizens encouraged to immigrate to Texas
● did not have to observe Church, land was cheap
● Austin negotiates land grants
● American colonists bring their Negro Slaves to their lands
● 1829: Emancipation decree directed at slaves in Texas
● American migrants outnumber Mexican migrants
● 1830: Immigration law prohibits migration of Americans to Texas
○ angers Americans
● No integration: English v Spanish, Protestantism vs. Catholicism, Slavery vs. Free Labor
● Santa Anna violently attacked Americans
● 1824: Fredonia revolt
● 1829: Mexico abolishes slavery
● 1834: Mexico abolishes Federalism
● 1835-1836: Texas Revolt
● 1836-1845: Lone Star Republic
● War of aggression over where the border should be located
1821-1855 Chaos and Bankruptcy
● Political instability encourages US to invade land
● 1846-1848: American Intervention (Mexican War)
○ Northern territories taken away
● Treaty of Guadalupe: Arizona, Texas, California, almost half the territories of Mexico are taken
away by the USA
○ year later gold is found
○ recolonization of California garners $ for USA
Reforma
● Mexican gov is discredited after loss of Mexican land
○ new generation of liberals
● 1855: La Guerra de Reforma
○ reformation in economic, political, and social aspects
○ take away power from the Church
● 1857: Liberal Congress
● Juarez: Zapotec Indian from Guelatao, Oaxaca
○ Lawyer and Congressman in Oaxaca State
○ Congressman in National Legislature
● The Constitution of 1857 inflicts a radical blow to Indians
○ lack of recognition of Church and Indian lands
○ sales all Indian lands
■ hacendados take over these lands and expand their estates; concentrating the land
into a very few people
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
● The reformation provided by law that civil registrations would not go by Church
● Gov also attacked landholdings of the Church; fragmentation of clerical lands
○ blow of power of Church
Radicalization
● Liberal Constitution of 1857
● Radical Separation of Church and Sttate
● Nationalization of all Church Property
● Dissolution of Religious Orders
● Civil marriage no longer under Church order
● 1861: Liberal Trumph
1861 Liberal Triumph
● Consolidated form of gov but still at war
● Juarez enters Mexico City
● Foreign debts, unemployment
● Calls for elections and wins
● Juarez declares debt moratorium
○ France, Spain, and Britain intervene in Mexico
○ unable to pay debts
The Monarchical Conspiracy
● France is competing for the spoils of empire in Europe
● Conservatives lobbied w/ French gov for them to invade and to bring in an heir of the Habsburg
dynasty
● Age of Imperialism- the Great Game
● 1861: USA engaged in Civil War
● 1861: Tripartite Alliance invades Veracruz
● French Army stays and marche sinland
● May 5, 1862: Battle of Puebla
○ irregular Mexican Army commanded by Gral Zaragoza defeats the French Army
■ days later French regroup and chase liberals out of capital
■ instal new empire
● Emperor Maximilian put into effect progressive policies
○ railroads, industrialization, programs of culture
○ liberal (fine w/ secularization)
1867 Restored Republic
● USA involved in Civil War
○ did not have time/power to stop France from occupying Mexico
○ after Civil War: reinstate Monroe Doctrine
○ France did not have money to continue gov in Mexico (battling w/ Croatia)
■ Napoleon III retreats and takes troops back to France
● Maximilian is executed
○ Conservatives vs Liberal Juarez
● Juarez elected for a 3rd term
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
1821-1834: austin receives grant to settle texas. American citizens encouraged to immigrate to texas. Did not have to observe church, land was cheap. American colonists bring their negro slaves to their lands. 1829: emancipation decree directed at slaves in texas. 1830: immigration law prohibits migration of americans to texas. No integration: english v spanish, protestantism vs. catholicism, slavery vs. free labor. War of aggression over where the border should be located. Political instability encourages us to invade land. Treaty of guadalupe: arizona, texas, california, almost half the territories of mexico are taken away by the usa. Year later gold is found recolonization of california garners $ for usa. Mexican gov is discredited after loss of mexican land. 1855: la guerra de reforma reformation in economic, political, and social aspects take away power from the church. The constitution of 1857 inflicts a radical blow to indians lack of recognition of church and indian lands.
