HIST 8B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Mixed Economy, Saint-Domingue, Latin American Wars Of Independence
Document Summary
Argentina & chile -> led & supported by spanish american elites. Peru & bolivia -> led by royalists, obtained by invasion of foreign armies , bolivar. Venezuela, colombia, ecuador -> bolivar & his allies. Brazil -> brazilian creoles formed brazilian party to lobby for independence, pedro (son of. People from same background pitted against each other. What did independence mean: massive mobilization of people (unprecedented degree, mostly the disenfranchised, geopolitical transformation (5 empires, but many new republics, countries, nation-states, "open horizon , always further ahead (intense debates/disputes, unresolved socio-political issues, questions of sovereignty/government/citizenship) Haiti was 1 of 2 wealthiest colonies in 18th century. Regained role in bolivia upper peru only late 19th century. Based on forced labor of slaves + indigenous people & tributes. Governments faced predatory attitudes of defeated but powerful european powers. Forced to to take loans from said powers. Capital going to places other than latin america.
