LIFESCI 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Parathyroid Gland, Adenylyl Cyclase, Protein Kinase A

• School: UCLA
• Department: Life Sciences
• Course: LIFESCI 2
• Professor: Arnold, A.P., Esdin, J.

Document Summary

Endocrine system vid: hormones chemical messengers specific to function & body part produced by glands. Major: sole purpose of producing & releasing hormones(hypothalamus, pineal, pituitary, thyroid, Hormone bind -> receptor activates g protein -> alpha subunit unbinds & translocates to adenylyl cyclase -> cyclic amp -> protein kinase a -> cellular response: hormonal release. Gland measures concentration of a parameter in blood. E. g. parathyroid gland (behind thyroid gland) -> parathyroid hormones, raises level of ca2+ in blood (calcitonin from thyroid gland lowers level of ca2+) Low ca, release parathyroid that acts on bones. One hormone triggers release of another hormone. E. g. pituitary gland release hormone that control different hormones release. Made of neurons -> neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) Posterior releases 2 hormones (oxytocin & vasopressin/adh); anterior releases 6. Part of axon in hypothalamus, other part & axon terminals in posterior pituitary. So hormones produced in hypothalamus, stored in terminals. Produced in paraventricular nucleus and the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus.