LIFESCI 7A Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Partial Charge, Electronegativity, Covalent Bond
Document Summary
Main topic(s): the anatomy and physiology of biological molecules and units. Ex. of atoms: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus. Ex. of bonds: covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, etc. Covalent bonds: atoms share electrons with each other. Hydrogen bonds: bonds between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom. Ex: h 2 o (hydrogen atom attracted to other oxygen atom). Electronegativity : an atom"s ability to attract electrons (from itself or other atoms). The higher the electronegativity, the more attractive it is, pulling electrons closer to its nuclei. Based on their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water. Can form bonds with water = hydrophilic ( water-loving ). Can"t form bonds with water = hydrophobic ( water-fearing ). Are only considered strongest when not in water . Cations: positively charged (na + ). van der waals" forces. Electrons collect on one side and create a partial charge. Rank of interaction strength van der waal"s forces (lowest) hydrogen bonds ionic bonds (in water) covalent.
