MCD BIO 138 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Hox Gene, Cell Sorting, Neurulation

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Induce overlying animal cap to become most dorsal mesoderm (organizer) Establish bmp gradient (d/v axis - neural tissue low bmp) Affects neural tissue and dorsal mesoderm formation. Signals pattern d/v and a/p of ecto. Transplant presumptive epidermis/neural to regions fated to give rise to opposite cell type. Transplanted cells differentiate according to surroundings -> ectoderm not determined early + fate induced by surrounding cells. Transplant unpigmented dorsal blastopore lip to region of pigmented presumptive epidermis. Host cells surrounding developed into neural tissue. Dorsal lip induces neural fate in overlying ectoderm. Induce mesoderm from animal/vegetal cells then animal cap cells become ectoderm. Culture ecodterm w/ dorsal lip tissue -> neural. Ectoderm is still induced to express neural genes. Neural inducer = secreted substance = bmp antagonists. Exp: bmp antagonists secreted by organizer induce neural tissue and maintain dorsal mesoderm formation. Resulted in no dorsal mesoderm formation, no neural induction. Exp: inject morpholinos against bmp + mark for neural tissue/epidermis.