PHYSCI 5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Gestational Diabetes, Autoimmune Disease
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Document Summary
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas. Glucose transporters allow glucose into the cells. With insulin, insulin binds to insulin receptors on the cell and increases the number of glucose transporters on the membrane. Only happens in some females during pregnancy. The baby will get more sugar in the blood and more growth. The immune system is malfunctioning - it turns against you. The process is gradual (for the first few years). It attacks beta cells of the pancreas pre-teen years, and much of the pancreas will be damaged permanently. However, this is a very easy disease to manage. Patients will have to take insulin for the rest of their life. Caused due to improper diet (such as high quantities of sugar, high calories, obesity, etc) Instead, the problem is in the cells - insulin receptors. The pancreas has no issues in type ii diabetes. Cells are not receiving the insulin very well.
