PSYCH 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Stanley Milgram, Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe
2/28/18
Theories of Language Development
- Behaviorist Perspective: we learn language through reinforcement
o Ex: child is praised for calling a ball a ball
o All urture
o Problems:
▪ Parents often reply to content, not structure of speech
▪ Kids generate things they’e eer heard efore
▪ Speech errors reflect overgeneralization of grammatical rules
• Adding -ed even with irregular past tense
- Natiist Perspetie: laguage learig apaitates are uilt i to the rai
o Language development consistent around the world
o At birth, able to take on any phenomes
o Deaf babies babble speech sounds
o Consistent with the idea of a critical period – very difficult to acquire other languages after
puberty
- Interactionalist Perspective: innate capacity for language interacts with experience
o Social interactions are important!
o “upported y otherese
o Creation of sign language by deaf children in Nicaragua
o Became more grammatically complex
- Can animals learn language?
o Signs vs grammar
o Good at learning signs but not as good with grammar
o Washoe can acquire hundreds of words
o But average 4 year old human knows 10,000 words
o Animals can learn language but not as well as we can
- Laguage defiits: Broa’s Aphasia
o Daage to Broa’s area frotal loe
o Broken speech
- Laguage defiits: Werike’s Aphasia
o Daage to Werike’s area teporal loe
o Nonsensical speech/sometimes inability to comprehend speech
- Whorfian Hypothesis
o Linguistic determination: language determines the way we think
o Ex: inuit + words for snow. Do they think of it differently?
▪ They have many words for snow
▪ Problem: environment vs language
o Do psychologists really believe this is true?
▪ Not really. Some languages have very few words for color, but can still color match, etc
▪ Most psychologists believe in a weaker hypothesis: languages influences our habitual
thinking about the world
- Russian blues
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
- Obedience
o Research motivated by the Holocaust
o Why do good people do terrible things?
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Interactionalist perspective: innate capacity for language interacts with experience: social interactions are important, upported (cid:271)y (cid:862)(cid:373)otherese(cid:863, creation of sign language by deaf children in nicaragua, became more grammatically complex. La(cid:374)guage defi(cid:272)its: bro(cid:272)a"s aphasia: da(cid:373)age to bro(cid:272)a"s area (cid:894)fro(cid:374)tal lo(cid:271)e(cid:895, broken speech. La(cid:374)guage defi(cid:272)its: wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke"s aphasia: da(cid:373)age to wer(cid:374)i(cid:272)ke"s area (cid:894)te(cid:373)poral lo(cid:271)e(cid:895, nonsensical speech/sometimes inability to comprehend speech. Whorfian hypothesis: linguistic determination: language determines the way we think, ex: inuit + words for snow. Do they think of it differently: they have many words for snow, problem: environment vs language, do psychologists really believe this is true, not really. Some languages have very few words for color, but can still color match, etc: most psychologists believe in a weaker hypothesis: languages influences our habitual thinking about the world. Obedience: research motivated by the holocaust, why do good people do terrible things, stanley milgram theorized: maybe the germans were unique in having higher rates of.
