SOCIOL 20 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Operationalization, Systematic Sampling, Single Parent

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Independent variable: dependent variable, hypothesis- the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Inductive vs. deductive research- the relationships between theory and data. Types of questions: open-ended questions- a question with free response not predetermined by the researcher, closed-ended questions- predetermined by the researcher with no free response. Does it encompass multiple dimensions: for example: what do we mean when we say family? (there are varying definitions) Operationalization: the process of specifying measures that will indicate the value of cases on a variable, for example: single parent, divorced, 2 parents, adopted, foster, blended family, etc. 2 golden rules of measurement: attributes composing variables should be exhaustive, attributes composing variables should be mutually exclusive. Political affiliation: republican or democrat, this is not exhaustive, because there are many other political affiliations that one could identify with. Age: 17 years old, 18 years old, 19 years old or more.

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