BIOL 3402 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Lingual Papilla, Olfactory Mucosa, Monster Pain

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21 Sep 2016
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Endogenous opioids: effect multiple pathways: enkephalins: 2 analgesic oligopeptides. 200x stronger than morphine: secreted by cns, pituitary gland, gi tract, and other organs, act as neuromodulators that black pain and give pleasure, example: Allows both autonomic & conscious influence on pain perception. Chronic neuropathic pain with no physical reason: treated with anti-depressents. Use chemoreceptors: stimulated by chemicals in solution, taste: 4 receptors (5 if you count umami, smell can differentiate a larger range of chemicals, both complement each other. Chemical stimulants on taste buds: 4000 buds (mostly on tongue) Some on cheeks, soft palate, pharynx, epiglottis: lingual papillae = bumps, all look alike, lemon or garlic shaped, taste cells. Olfactory mucosa: 10-20 million olfactory cells, can differentiate 8000-10,000 smells. Nerves have a 60 day life span. Odorant molecules bind to membrane receptor on olfactory hair: hydrophilic odorants diffuse through mucus, hydrophobic odorants transported by odorant-binding molecules. Human body odor may affect sexual behavior: sweat, genital secretions.

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