BIOL 3402 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Complete Blood Count, Vasospasm, Specific Granule
Document Summary
Granules: lysosomes: nonspecific (azurophilic) granules, granulocytes: specific granules that have enzymes and other chemicals for defense against pathagens. Immune system: 1st line = barrier, 2nd line = innate, eater cells (non-specific, 3rd line = learned immunity, smart cells (specific) Granulocytes: neutrophils (non-specific, eosinophils (parasitic, basophils (histamine, allergies) Agranulocytes: lymphocytes (b-cells, t-cells, monocytes/macrophages (eaters) Leukopoiesis = production of wbcs: hemopoietic stem cells (pluripotent stem cells) Leukemia: cancer of hemopoeitic tissue, high wbc. Rbc size and hemoglobin concentration per rbc. Cessation of bleeding: stopping, hemorrhage: excessive bleeding. 3 hemostatic mechanisms using platelets: 1) vascular spasm (initial vasoconstriction, 2) platelet plug formation, 3) blood clotting (coagulation) Small fragments of megakaryocyte cells: amoeboid movement, 130,000-400,000 platelets/ul (normally) Stick together to form platelet plug = cell response. Secrete growth factors that stimulate mitosis to repair blood vessels. Vascular spasm: immediate protection, caused by pain receptors. Muscle injury: long duration: provides time for other 2 responses.
