BIOL 3402 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Gastroenterology, Medulla Oblongata, Mastication

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7 Nov 2016
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The order of digestion is very important. Most nutrients we eat cannot be used in existing form: must be broken down into smaller components before body can make use of them. Digestive system: acts as disassembly line: to break down nutrients into forms that can be used by the body, to absorb them so they can be distributed to the tissues. Physical breakdown: cutting/grinding of teeth, churning of stomach and small intestine, exposes food surface to digestive enzymes. Digestive system: organ system that processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates residue: 5 stages. Hydrolysis reactions that break down dietary macromolecules into their monomers (residue: digestive enzymes. Salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, small intestine: results: Some nutrients usable as is : vitamins, amino acids, minerals, cholesterol, and water. Most material in it has not entered the body tissues: external . On a strict sense, defecated food residue was never in" the body.

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