ILCS 1160 Lecture 16: ILCS 1160 Lecture 16
16 May 2018
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Notes 3/20/2018
Fascist Colonialism
● 1881-1914
○ “Scramble for Africa”- Era of new imperialism
■ European powers divide up Africa
● Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Portugal, Italy, Spain,
Ethiopia
○ European powers are far more advanced, Africa can’t resist their force
● Italian Conquest
○ Italy colonized “Horn of Africa”
■ 1870-1911
● Italo-Ethiopian War
○ 1895-1896
■ Italians are poorly equipped
● Outnumbered 6-1
■ Italians defeated at Battle of Adwa
● AOI
○ Africa Orientale Italiana
■ Mussolini Reopens the African Colonial Campaign
○ Mission is inspired by Nationalism
■ Increase Italy's prestige in Europe
● “Need” for territorial expansion
■ Offered alternative for emigration
● Instead of America
● Mostly for poor farmers
● Colonies
○ Potential to shift geography of power from northern Europe (Italy at the Margins)
to Mediterranean (Italy at Center)
● Phase 1
○ 1922-1932 - “Re-conquest” of Libya
■ Expands colonial territories in Libya
● General Pietro Badoglio
● General Rodolfo Graziani
○ War Criminal
● Phase 2
○ Ethiopia
■ 1928-Italy + Ethiopia Peace Treaty
● Mussolini doesn’t care
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