MCB 2610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Pyrophosphate, Consensus Sequence, Reading Frame
Document Summary
Deoxyribonucleic acid (dna): storage molecule for genetic instructions to carry out metabolism and reproduction. Ribonucleic acid (rna): expresses the information in dna. Proteins and enzymes: build cellular structures and do cellular work. Genome: all dna present in a cell or virus. Bacteria and archaea generally have one set (haploid- 1n) Genotype: specific set of genes an organism possess. How do we know dna is the hereditary molecule: the process by which cells use hereditary information stored in dna is very elegant. Dna must be retained intact, yet copied to make new cells (dna replication) It must be turned into multiple working copies in the form of rna to provide instructions to produce enzymes/structural proteins (transcription) The rna molecules must be read and decoded to form the enzymes/structural proteins of the cell (translation) The systems must have the ability to deal with damage to the core dna molecules of the cell (dna repair: the griffith experiment.