PNB 2265 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Ketone Bodies, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Ketoacidosis

• School: UConn
• Department: Physiology and Neurobiology
• Course: PNB 2265
• Professor: crivello

Document Summary

Normal arterial ph = 7. 40 +- 0. 02. Constant production of h+ (metabolism: from co2 during cellular metabolism, approx. Proteins denature very easily when the ph changes. Changes the ability of hb to carry o2 (bohr effect) 30-40% of all patients entering er have acid-base imbalance. Urine formation: loss of h, very long term. Can reversibly bind acid or base without changing the ph. Natural: proteins hb, albumin, transport proteins. Kidneys are key regulators: slow acting, loses h+ in the urine. Lungs: very rapid, loses co2 and h, ph > 7. 45 or < 7. 35 serious consequences, changes in membranes, proteins. Below 7. 35: cns problems, coma, cardiac irregularities, heart failure, peripheral vasodilation, drop in map. Acids: volatile (co2 and acetic acid) respiration, c2h4o2, fixed (sulfuric, phosphoric_ = kidneys, h3po4, h2so4, organic (lactic) kidneys. Chemoreceptors in carotid body, medulla and aortic arch. Co2 produces more acid than anything else. 1st buffers: hco3-, hpo4-, proteins (hb, any protein)