PSYC 1103 Lecture 11: Developmental Psychology (Peer Relations)

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PSYC 1103 Lecture 11– Developmental Psychology (Peer Relations)
Friendships
Unique friendships are characterized by:
Reciprocity (both consider the other to be their friend)
Affection
Voluntary commitment (they do not need to be in the relationship, can
choose to end it if they want)
Friendships may be formed due to:
Proximity (neighbor, co-worker, classmate, etc.)
Similarities (character traits, values, interests, etc.)
Contrary to the common belief that opposites attract
Shared interests/activities
Shared values/goals
Ex: similar political or religious beliefs, similar aspirations in life
Developmental shifts
Young children may become friends for superficial reasons
Ex: becoming friends with someone who owns a lot of toys or has
a pool at their house
Older children and adolescents focus more on loyalty and the other
person’s character
Afford provisions (the benefits of friendships)
Social skills
Companionship
Validation
Guidance and support
Self-disclosure or intimate exchange
Gender differences females report self-disclosure as a more
central value of friendships compared to males
Impact of friendships on development depends on:
Quality of friendship (positive or negative)
Types of interactions
Negative aspects of friendships
Co-rumination: excessive discussion of certain problems (speculating,
dwelling on negative feelings, rehashing)
Speaking about problems is beneficial (e.g. talk therapy), but
over-discussing the issue is associated with internalizing
difficulties (increase in anxiety, depression)
More common among females
When given 16 minutes to discuss a problem, girls used
the entire period to talk about the problem, boys used their
time more creatively, to avoid speaking about the problem
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Document Summary

Psyc 1103 lecture 11 developmental psychology (peer relations) Reciprocity (both consider the other to be their friend) Voluntary commitment (they do not need to be in the relationship, can choose to end it if they want) Contrary to the common belief that opposites attract. Ex: similar political or religious beliefs, similar aspirations in life. Young children may become friends for superficial reasons. Ex: becoming friends with someone who owns a lot of toys or has a pool at their house. Older children and adolescents focus more on loyalty and the other person"s character. Gender differences females report self-disclosure as a more central value of friendships compared to males. Impact of friendships on development depends on: Co-rumination : excessive discussion of certain problems (speculating, dwelling on negative feelings, rehashing) Speaking about problems is beneficial (e. g. talk therapy), but over-discussing the issue is associated with internalizing difficulties (increase in anxiety, depression)

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