ESS 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Vitamin D Deficiency, Action Potential, Extracellular Fluid
Document Summary
Lewis dahl, md known for research on relationship between sodium & hypertension, 16 essential minerals, minerals are solid, stable inorganic elements. Unlike vitamins, hey can"t be broken down into smaller constituents or destroyed by heat, light, cooking, digestion. Ess 3 notes: major minerals >100 mg/day, trace minerals <100 mg/day. Minerals are ions: elements with positive or negative charge. Calcium is most abundant mineral in body: 99% found in bone & teeth- structural component and reservoir of calcium, 1% in body cells & fluids- blood clotting, hormone secretion, muscle contraction, nerve transmission. When calcium levels fall: parathyroid glands release parathyroid hormone which stimulates production of active. Increases calcium absorption in intestine: pth and activated vitamin d mobilize calcium from bone & decrease calcium excretion from kidneys, bioavailability varies, ai = 1000 mg/day for adults 19-50 years. Calcium supplements: ul = 2500 mg, high dietary intakes may cause constipation, hypercalcemia, interfere with iron absorption.
