MCDB 153 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Wild Type, Immunofluorescence, Paraformaldehyde

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Each antibody is different at the variable region (antigen-binding sites) and same at the constant region (the tail region) Antibodies are made against the shape of the protein. If it is made to recognize region a, it won"t recognize region b,c,d. A few days later, there are individual cells that make antibody (a,b,c,d and other bacteria that it has been exposed to: x,y,z) in the splean. But only antibody a,b,c,d will proliferate and transported into the bloodstream. Can extract blood from animal and isolates the antibodies. Get polyclonal antisera (antibodies that reacts to sites. Problem with polyclonal antibodies making: animal will eventually stop making antibodies or doesn"t make equal number of each antibodies. Solution: isolate cell making anti-a/b/c/d and make it immortal. Fuse antibodies cell with transformed cells (tumor cells- immortal) Resulting in antibodies that only recognize 1 of the protein binding site. Immunofluorescence microscopy on tissues or cultured cells (dead cells)

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