BME 80H Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Spindle Apparatus, Nuclear Membrane, Sister Chromatids

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Lecture 9
c) Mitosis occurs in 4 stages (figure 2.9, table
2.4)
1. Prophase: when you can first see the
chromatin
-this is trying to get the centrosomes
( have centrioles) to the poles, each
attaching to each chromosome (one
on each side) and they are applying
equal force
-chromatin condenses and the
chromosomes become visible
-the centrosomes migrate along the
nuclear envelope which breaks down,
so they can get to the chromosomes
(the microtubules are what attaches)
-once the envelope is broken down
the mitotic spindle begins to form
(the spindle fibers attaching to the
chromosomes)
1. Metaphase
-chromosomes are lines up single file,
alog the etaphase plate
3. Anaphase
-sister chromatids separate and move
towards opposite poles of the cell
4. Telophase
-chromosomes reach the poles
-nuclear envelope reforms and the
chromatin decondenses
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Document Summary

Lecture 9: mitosis occurs in 4 stages (figure 2. 9, table, prophase: when you can first see the. This is trying to get the centrosomes ( have centrioles) to the poles, each attaching to each chromosome (one on each side) and they are applying equal force. The centrosomes migrate along the nuclear envelope which breaks down, so they can get to the chromosomes (the microtubules are what attaches) Once the envelope is broken down the mitotic spindle begins to form (the spindle fibers attaching to the chromosomes: metaphase. Chromosomes are lines up single file, alo(cid:374)g the (cid:862)(cid:373)etaphase plate(cid:863: anaphase. Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell: telophase. Nuclear envelope reforms and the chromatin decondenses: meiosis: making the haploid gametes (figure 2. 13, table. Start with a diploid cell that have been tucked away early in development and they are known as germline cells. Step 1: dna replication and you end with 2n x 2 (same first step)

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