BILD 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Insulin, Testicle, Duodenum
21 Mar 2018
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Outside the cell: g-protein coupled --> 2nd messengers ex: (camp, cgmp) Increase enzymes that change protein function: activate phosphorylation, amino acid derived, peptides, proteins. Lipid soluble (hydrophobic: they have cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors (they diffuse into the cell, always ends up in the nucleus to cause changes in gene expression. Steroids - derived from cholesterol: glucocorticoids, cortisol, mineralocorticoids, aldosterone. Stimulates the thyroid gland: adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) Luteinizing hormone (lh: pituitary, oxytocin, causes contractions of the uterus during labor, positive feedback loop, necessary for the milk let down reflex, adh or vasopressin (same hormone, has 2 names) Increases the amount of water reuptaken in kidneys = pee less: constricts veins, thyroid gland, thyroid hormone, t3 and t4, have 3 and 4 iodine, need iodide to produce these hormones, needed for infancy/childhood, early on. Sympathetic system: hormones secreted, epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenal cortex.
