ECON 120A Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Percentile, Quartile, Unimodality
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PROBLEM SET ONE -2 - PRICE-ELASTICITY OF DEMAND
| P1 | P2 | QD1 | QD2 | I | II | III | IV | V |
1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 5 | |||||
2 | 5 | 3 | 40 | 90 | |||||
3 | 12 | 20 | 200 | 200 | |||||
4 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 9 | |||||
5 | 0.40 | 1.40 | 30 | 15 | |||||
6 | 1.2 | 4.0 | 20 | 15 | |||||
7 | 7.5 | 4.6 | 40 | 30 | |||||
8 | 5 | 5.000â¦01 | 1x106 | 0 | |||||
9 | 5 | 4.9999â¦. | 10 | 1x109 | |||||
10 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 6 | |||||
11 | 18 | 36 | 360 | 180 | |||||
12 | 7 | 15 | 24 | 16 | |||||
13 | 7 | 16 | 78 | 78 | |||||
14 | 25 | 65 | 150 | 100 | |||||
15 | 65 | 91 | 1300 | 780 | |||||
16 | 4 | 5 | 21 | 11 | |||||
17 | 8 | 4 | 30 | 54 | |||||
18 | 140 | 275 | 625 | 495 | |||||
19 | 78 | 91 | 780 | 780 | |||||
20 | 91 | 78 | 780 | 780 |
Column I - determine the Price-Elasticity of Demand Coefficient. Find material in Chapter 6 and the Powerpoint of Elasticity Chap 004 19e.ppt
change in quantity demanded change in price
ED = ---------------------------------------- â ----------------------------
sum of quantities demanded / 2 sum of prices / 2
The data in the first four columns represent price (P) and quantity demanded (Qd) in time 1 (before change in price) and time 2 (after change in price). Note that results should be expressed in absolute terms (see paragraph Elimination of Minus Sign). For example, -1 should be expressed as â1â.
Column II â Based on topic concerning Interpretations of ED, indicate which applies based on how the quantity demanded changed subsequent to a change in price (elastic, inelastic, etc.)
Column III - you need to determine if the good in question would be considered a necessity, a luxury or neither.
Column IV â Indicate, in monetary terms, how much is the change in total revenue or total expenditure (TR = P X QD), from the first price level to the second.
Column V - the direction of the change, also in monetary terms, that is, increasing or decreasing, and by how much? (show a + sign for increasing and a â sign for decreasing).
Note: for any monetary result please include the applicable currency symbol ($, â¬, etc.)
The data for this assignment comes from household surveys carried out on a small island in Eastern Indonisa. The island, Selayar Island, is located in South Sulawesi, has two main industries: fishing and agriculture. We will be focusing of fishing activities occurring nearshore. Nearshore fishing takes place over coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove habitat. The most common fishing gear include spear guns, pole and lines, and nets. The boats used for fishing range from small canoes to small boats. The data was collected using a randomn sampling technique, and includes 152 fishing households.
Each fishing household was allowed to describe up to 6 different types of fishing trips. Researchers collected information on the âaverge tripâ. A subset of the data has been provided, in a .csv file named: âPS3_NearshoreFishing.csvâ.
Description of variables:
HouseholdID: Unique identification number used to protect the identity of respondents
Poor: Indicates poor and non-poor households, as defined by the Indonesian National Poverty Line ($0.83 per capita per day).
Poor = 1 if household income is less than the INPL
= 0 if household income is more than the INPL
Quantity: The quantity of average harvest during one trip, in 10,000 Rp (currency)
For example, if average trip harvest is 2 kg of Grouper, and Grouper price is 20,000 Rp/kg, then Quantity of the trip is 40
Hours: The number of person hours spent fishing per trip, in hours.
For example, if average trip includes 3 fishermen, and each fishermen spends 3 hours fishing, then Hours of the trip is 9 person hours.
Capital: The value of capital used up during the average trip, in 10,000 Rp.
You can think of this like depreciation of all gear and boats used during a trip
Part 1:
(Model 1)
log(Quantityi)= b0 + b1log(Capitali) + b2log(Hoursi) + ei
1. Estimate the basic production model and report regression results. Include coefficients, standard errors, and t-statics. (Note: You will have to create new variables for estimation)
2. Based on your results, what is the marginal reurns to hours spent fishing? Be careful to interpret coefficient on log-transformed variables correctly.
3. Does the estimated production function have constant returns to scale, decreasing returns to scale, or increasing returns to scale? How do you know?
4. Using single hypothesis tests, which coefficients are significantly different than zero at a 5% significiance level?
5. Use Whiteâs Test to test for heteroskedasticity. Report results and evaluate the results.
Help with the following problems that deal with the program stata and with econometrics.
Below is the data needed.
HouseholdID | Poor | Quantity | Hours | Capital |
125465 | 0 | 25.4 | 8 | 0.796489877 |
130552 | 0 | 28.6 | 6 | 1.174603175 |
130552 | 0 | 9.1 | 4 | 2.222222222 |
127524 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0.36544481 |
130538 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 2.008032129 |
130558 | 1 | 18.75 | 28 | 14.17848124 |
130462 | 1 | 14.4 | 2 | 0.487684729 |
126466 | 0 | 14.1 | 6 | 4.619435291 |
127474 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 0.367063492 |
127498 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0.568124297 |
127471 | 0 | 12 | 5 | 0.115421137 |
127493 | 1 | 2.1 | 8 | 0.123444444 |
130561 | 0 | 39.6 | 3 | 0.289115646 |
130562 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1.554278416 |
127532 | 1 | 41.7 | 6 | 0.738153469 |
127532 | 1 | 62.9 | 6 | 4.832562392 |
127495 | 0 | 7.65 | 3.5 | 0.116631206 |
127495 | 0 | 11.6 | 4 | 0.148772937 |
130524 | 1 | 2.95 | 10 | 0.706882255 |
130524 | 1 | 2.95 | 10 | 0.706882255 |
130564 | 0 | 14 | 14 | 1.495345632 |
127505 | 0 | 21.6 | 4 | 1.252053872 |
135460 | 1 | 21.5 | 4 | 0.757665094 |
131482 | 0 | 42.5 | 10 | 1.959625576 |
130560 | 0 | 15.3 | 4 | 0.697751323 |
128510 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0.002311604 |
128510 | 0 | 4 | 2.5 | 0.416666667 |
128480 | 1 | 3.9 | 10 | 1.237449199 |
128480 | 1 | 4.4 | 10 | 1.237449199 |
128480 | 1 | 3.5 | 6 | 0.722079449 |
132456 | 0 | 8.5 | 5 | 0.177372685 |
132456 | 0 | 16.25 | 3 | 0.106423611 |
135486 | 0 | 21.5 | 11 | 3.665322581 |
135486 | 0 | 52.5 | 6 | 0.836021505 |
134524 | 0 | 33 | 7 | 1.242139722 |
135488 | 0 | 19.8 | 5 | 1.217105263 |
134460 | 0 | 84.4 | 3 | 3.824833703 |
131479 | 0 | 4 | 4.5 | 0.061111111 |
131465 | 0 | 8.5 | 1.5 | 0.39040198 |
128491 | 0 | 3.8 | 6 | 2.53815261 |
141514 | 1 | 1.4 | 6 | 0.946825397 |
134484 | 0 | 151.2 | 7 | 0.552428601 |
134484 | 0 | 71.2 | 6 | 0.479205754 |
141459 | 0 | 6.7 | 4 | 1.955605159 |
128473 | 0 | 70.7 | 5.5 | 0.553802416 |
128475 | 0 | 14.5 | 4 | 0.807217474 |
135520 | 0 | 2.5 | 4 | 1.041666667 |
135512 | 0 | 13.1 | 1 | 5.561594203 |
135512 | 0 | 3.3 | 2 | 0.650164062 |
134513 | 0 | 16.4 | 1 | 3.680053548 |
135469 | 1 | 18 | 13 | 1.979166667 |
132520 | 1 | 5.0625 | 2 | 0.395197395 |
134523 | 1 | 32.2 | 7 | 0.684749501 |
134497 | 0 | 10.76 | 5 | 3.18869165 |
129478 | 0 | 45.5 | 5.5 | 2.511574074 |
141461 | 0 | 25.6 | 2.5 | 4.849261849 |
141461 | 0 | 36.6 | 2.5 | 0.599912165 |
134503 | 0 | 30.6 | 8 | 1.214055483 |
128506 | 0 | 13.8 | 4 | 9.222222222 |
128506 | 0 | 19 | 4 | 9.222222222 |
130563 | 0 | 183.5 | 4 | 27.46449975 |
129488 | 0 | 215.1 | 1134 | 168.6111111 |
128487 | 0 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.000559284 |
129461 | 0 | 244 | 360 | 35.33333333 |
128496 | 0 | 1150 | 504 | 475.7380952 |
173468 | 0 | 2455 | 3366 | 1729.189322 |
134499 | 0 | 199 | 4 | 1.204772678 |
129466 | 0 | 4.5 | 3 | 2.773530545 |
145508 | 1 | 15 | 4 | 0.01460387 |
145508 | 1 | 15 | 4 | 0.01460387 |
134488 | 0 | 175 | 7 | 2.463414634 |
129484 | 0 | 275.1 | 2592 | 201.2685185 |
129484 | 0 | 175.1 | 1134 | 167.9891975 |
141467 | 0 | 16.5 | 2.5 | 0.270061728 |
141457 | 0 | 8.1 | 3 | 0.12021137 |
141457 | 0 | 24.1 | 4 | 0.499612792 |
135475 | 0 | 4.75 | 11 | 0.229402703 |
129498 | 0 | 616 | 830 | 362.7 |
134522 | 0 | 86.9 | 3 | 1.51324121 |
128477 | 0 | 9.4 | 5 | 1.626364087 |
141468 | 0 | 91.7 | 0.5 | 0.983115468 |
135489 | 1 | 18 | 8 | 3.206349206 |
134510 | 0 | 644.2 | 210 | 175.3837719 |
128457 | 0 | 3.5 | 2 | 0.509259259 |
134462 | 0 | 84.6 | 6 | 2.877641939 |
141509 | 1 | 23.2 | 2 | 2.640595716 |
129463 | 0 | 331 | 384 | 47.38180577 |
135514 | 1 | 18.6 | 2 | 8.338907469 |
135514 | 1 | 36.6 | 1 | 2.719893807 |
129485 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 0.833333333 |
129485 | 0 | 71.5 | 80 | 5.716746662 |
132529 | 1 | 7.8 | 3 | 1.024350649 |
132529 | 1 | 3.5 | 2 | 1.794733045 |
132529 | 1 | 1.5 | 3 | 0.861688312 |
145478 | 1 | 10.1 | 6 | 0.125 |
139510 | 1 | 12.5 | 10 | 6.041666667 |
134470 | 0 | 112 | 6 | 2.621527778 |
134496 | 0 | 279.7 | 4 | 4.799723021 |
134495 | 0 | 69 | 6 | 0.693735987 |
141460 | 0 | 60 | 2 | 1.272727273 |
135509 | 0 | 132.6 | 5 | 1.686077644 |
135506 | 0 | 10.5 | 3 | 0.295375197 |
134514 | 0 | 147.55 | 4 | 0.369502642 |
134514 | 0 | 147.55 | 4 | 0.369502642 |
134474 | 0 | 234.8 | 6 | 1.269918699 |
133503 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 1.095290252 |
133503 | 0 | 5.6 | 3 | 0.111111111 |
128460 | 0 | 15.5 | 5 | 0.306275676 |
128460 | 0 | 11.5 | 4 | 0.312922038 |
129501 | 0 | 500.5 | 483 | 74.36528749 |
129479 | 1 | 91 | 85 | 10.75104488 |
123490 | 1 | 15.75 | 5 | 1.35 |
123463 | 0 | 35.5 | 6 | 0.5 |
125465 | 0 | 18.5 | 6 | 0.568024685 |
127468 | 0 | 5.5 | 3.5 | 0.111111111 |
130552 | 0 | 13.1 | 2 | 1.166666667 |
130514 | 0 | 6.5 | 4 | 0.680555556 |
127524 | 0 | 14.5 | 5 | 2.532393505 |
130558 | 1 | 28 | 32 | 14.18542569 |
130516 | 0 | 3.5 | 4 | 0.208333333 |
130462 | 1 | 6.8 | 3 | 0.674055829 |
126466 | 0 | 12.6 | 2 | 4.592549518 |
127485 | 0 | 4.2 | 12 | 2.191666667 |
127485 | 0 | 10.2 | 6 | 1.186111111 |
130457 | 0 | 15 | 8 | 7.291666667 |
127474 | 1 | 10.5 | 3 | 0.724206349 |
127498 | 1 | 4.25 | 3 | 0.053412073 |
127498 | 1 | 3.5 | 3 | 0.053412073 |
127471 | 0 | 17.1 | 8 | 4.690142913 |
127471 | 0 | 12.3 | 4 | 2.311659648 |
127471 | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.666666667 |
127493 | 1 | 2.1 | 8 | 0.123444444 |
130561 | 0 | 38.7 | 3 | 0.289115646 |
130561 | 0 | 16.5 | 3 | 11.33333333 |
127478 | 0 | 119.5 | 10 | 3.857877016 |
127478 | 0 | 30.5 | 6 | 2.170875421 |
127532 | 1 | 42.7 | 6 | 0.622768853 |
127532 | 1 | 38.7 | 6 | 6.971699297 |
127467 | 0 | 4.5 | 4 | 0.499600497 |
127467 | 0 | 9.1 | 3.5 | 0.366892361 |
127495 | 0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 0.110797872 |
127495 | 0 | 9.9 | 3 | 0.114859845 |
130524 | 1 | 2.45 | 10 | 0.706882255 |
130524 | 1 | 2.45 | 10 | 0.706882255 |
130564 | 0 | 3814 | 3332 | 854.4818928 |
127505 | 0 | 14.5 | 3.5 | 2.491380471 |
135460 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 0.757665094 |
135460 | 1 | 20 | 14 | 0.484052111 |
131482 | 0 | 23.6 | 5 | 0.360957057 |
131482 | 0 | 67.9 | 6 | 0.416712483 |
130560 | 0 | 14 | 3 | 0.922110297 |
128510 | 0 | 504.6 | 1440 | 228.8873478 |
128510 | 0 | 6.3 | 2.5 | 0.416666667 |
128480 | 1 | 3.5 | 8 | 0.928789147 |
128480 | 1 | 49 | 70 | 33.6678911 |
132456 | 0 | 14.5 | 5 | 0.474991733 |
132456 | 0 | 8.75 | 5 | 0.177372685 |
132531 | 0 | 1.75 | 7 | 0.333333333 |
134524 | 0 | 33 | 7 | 1.116770991 |
134524 | 0 | 17 | 8 | 1.318727966 |
132513 | 0 | 1.5625 | 5 | 0.083333333 |
133494 | 0 | 2.875 | 2.5 | 0.5 |
135488 | 0 | 19.8 | 5 | 1.217105263 |
134460 | 0 | 40.8 | 3 | 3.824833703 |
128509 | 0 | 4216 | 2880 | 975.4285714 |
131479 | 0 | 2.35 | 4.5 | 0.42333225 |
131465 | 0 | 73 | 11.5 | 3.398356695 |
128491 | 0 | 6.4 | 3 | 1.871485944 |
141514 | 1 | 7.75 | 6 | 0.946825397 |
134484 | 0 | 91.7 | 7 | 0.962685011 |
134484 | 0 | 141.2 | 6 | 0.479205754 |
141459 | 0 | 12.2 | 4 | 1.955605159 |
128473 | 0 | 31.8 | 11 | 5.15297619 |
128481 | 0 | 852 | 810 | 49.09259259 |
128475 | 0 | 15.4 | 4 | 0.807217474 |
140461 | 1 | 4.7 | 5 | 1.183343855 |
128476 | 0 | 47 | 14 | 1.406476684 |
144544 | 0 | 21.2 | 2 | 0.866714015 |
135496 | 0 | 157.5 | 5 | 2.321399233 |
135496 | 0 | 59.8 | 5 | 2.003217415 |
134513 | 0 | 15.4 | 1 | 3.680053548 |
134523 | 1 | 28 | 40 | 3.667270345 |
144562 | 0 | 18.5 | 3 | 3.87254902 |
144562 | 0 | 11.4 | 3 | 2.086834734 |
134497 | 0 | 16.4 | 4 | 2.740795529 |
141461 | 0 | 34.1 | 2.5 | 4.849261849 |
141461 | 0 | 91.1 | 10 | 2.327184892 |
134503 | 0 | 29.6 | 8 | 1.214055483 |
128506 | 0 | 1271 | 1152 | 801 |
135497 | 0 | 0.75 | 1 | 0.221153846 |
141495 | 0 | 29 | 5 | 1.555555556 |
130563 | 0 | 252.5 | 8 | 36.62834591 |
141505 | 0 | 0.8 | 3 | 0.488855699 |
141505 | 0 | 0.8 | 3 | 0.513748468 |
133497 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 0.011904762 |
129488 | 0 | 210.5 | 1134 | 168.6111111 |
129461 | 0 | 722 | 720 | 70.66666667 |
128496 | 0 | 1150 | 504 | 475.7380952 |
173468 | 0 | 2882.5 | 1600 | 786.019471 |
145508 | 1 | 18.5 | 5 | 0.018254838 |
145508 | 1 | 16.65 | 5 | 0.018254838 |
134488 | 0 | 35 | 7 | 2.463414634 |
129484 | 0 | 371 | 2430 | 188.7268519 |
141467 | 0 | 25.65 | 2 | 1.158035714 |
141467 | 0 | 12.15 | 6.5 | 2.02808642 |
141457 | 0 | 19.8 | 3 | 0.167764213 |
141457 | 0 | 14.1 | 2 | 0.267971028 |
135475 | 0 | 5.75 | 10.5 | 0.22358875 |
129498 | 0 | 1068 | 830 | 362.7 |
134522 | 0 | 42.4 | 4 | 1.889213987 |
128477 | 0 | 7.6 | 6 | 1.919229497 |
144504 | 0 | 20.4 | 6 | 1.648461358 |
141468 | 0 | 35.65 | 0.5 | 0.983115468 |
135489 | 1 | 17.8 | 8 | 3.206349206 |
134510 | 0 | 384.7 | 90 | 75.16447368 |
128457 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 0.509259259 |
134462 | 0 | 114.6 | 7 | 2.918652438 |
141509 | 1 | 7.9 | 2 | 5.150635877 |
131485 | 0 | 6.75 | 8 | 2.973157134 |
131485 | 0 | 6.5 | 9 | 3.271105631 |
129463 | 0 | 1977.4 | 1848 | 224.9850657 |
135514 | 1 | 121.2 | 10 | 7.021349862 |
129485 | 0 | 1815 | 1296 | 80.22182224 |
132529 | 1 | 2.35 | 2.5 | 2.223124098 |
132529 | 1 | 7.6 | 2 | 1.875901876 |
132529 | 1 | 8.5 | 7 | 1.577705628 |
135502 | 0 | 31.2 | 4 | 0.320555556 |
132508 | 0 | 3.125 | 2.5 | 0.083333333 |
133479 | 0 | 26.7 | 2 | 4.126984127 |
134470 | 0 | 96 | 6 | 0.520833333 |
134496 | 0 | 114.8 | 7 | 2.416368587 |
134495 | 0 | 43 | 9 | 0.63703001 |
141460 | 0 | 23 | 2 | 1.272727273 |
132498 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 5.555555556 |
129497 | 0 | 2206 | 2880 | 955.3703704 |
129497 | 0 | 9.1 | 1.5 | 3.888888889 |
135509 | 0 | 2.6 | 5 | 0.942994199 |
135506 | 0 | 23.75 | 3 | 0.318339994 |
134514 | 0 | 37.55 | 7 | 0.596927834 |
134514 | 0 | 37.55 | 5 | 0.445311039 |
134474 | 0 | 114.75 | 6 | 1.269918699 |
133503 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 1.460387003 |
133503 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0.111111111 |
128460 | 0 | 13.5 | 5 | 0.306275676 |
144502 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0.644824673 |
129501 | 0 | 1280.2 | 672 | 123.9083139 |
129479 | 1 | 112 | 833 | 100.6137228 |
129511 | 0 | 231 | 60 | 0.02 |
Mulberry Realty sells homes in the northeast section of the United States. A frequently asked question by prospective buyers is: If we buy this house, how much can we expect to pay to heat it during the winter? The research division of Mulberry is asked to develop some guidelines for heating costs (Cost) (measured in $) for single family homes. The division decides three variables are related to heating costs: (1) the mean daily outside temperature (Temp) (in degrees Fahrenheit); (2) the number of inches of attic insulation (Insulation); and (3) the age of the furnace in the house (Age) (measured in years). The division collected data during the month of January for a sample of homes. Parentheses contain the variable names (in bold) as listed in the data set.
The data set for this scenario is included in an Excel file.
a. Is the information used in this analysis, cross-sectional data or time series data? (4 pts)
b. State your a priori hypothesis about the sign of the slope for each independent variable. (3 pts each)
c. Write out the estimated regression equation using variable specific names? (5 pts)
d. Interpret the slope coefficient for the variable with the largest slope coefficient. (5 pts)
e. For the slope coefficient with the smallest value (in absolute value), test to see if it has the directional relationship hypothesized in part (b). Alpha = 0.05. (15 pts)
Data Set:
Cost ($) | Temp (deg) | Insulation (ins.) | Age (yrs) |
250 | 35 | 3 | 6 |
360 | 29 | 4 | 10 |
165 | 36 | 7 | 3 |
43 | 60 | 6 | 9 |
92 | 65 | 5 | 6 |
200 | 30 | 5 | 5 |
355 | 10 | 6 | 7 |
290 | 7 | 10 | 10 |
230 | 21 | 9 | 11 |
120 | 55 | 2 | 5 |
73 | 54 | 12 | 4 |
205 | 48 | 5 | 1 |
400 | 20 | 5 | 15 |
320 | 39 | 4 | 7 |
72 | 60 | 8 | 6 |
272 | 20 | 5 | 8 |
94 | 58 | 7 | 3 |
190 | 40 | 8 | 11 |
235 | 27 | 9 | 8 |
139 | 30 | 7 | 5 |