ECON 132 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Nominal Interest Rate, Rishi, Production Function
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1) Assume there is a simple economy where people consume only 2 goods, food, and clothing. Further, assume that the market basket of goods used to compute the CPI consists of 100 units of food and 20 units of clothing.
|
Ā |
Food |
Clothing |
|
2004 price per unit |
$8 |
$20 |
|
2005 price per unit |
$12 |
$40 |
Compute the percentage changes in the price of food and the percentage change in the price of clothing between 2004 and 2005.
Calculate the percentage change in the CPI between 2004 and 2005.
Do you think the CPI price changes affect all consumers in the economy to the same extent? Explain.
2) Calculate how much each of the following items is worth in terms of today's dollars using 180 as the price index for today.
a. In 1925, the CPI was 18 and the price of a movie ticket was $0.30.
b. In 1930, the CPI was 14 and a cook earned $20 a week.
c. In 1940, the CPI was 16 and a gallon of gas cost $0.20.
3) The table below uses data for 3 hypothetical countries. All the number values are in thousands. Complete the blank entries in the table below.
|
Country |
Adult Population |
Labor Force |
Employed |
Unemployed |
Unemployment Rate |
Labor-Force Participation Rate |
|
A |
120,000 |
Ā |
60,000 |
4,500 |
Ā | Ā |
|
B |
Ā |
28,000 |
Ā |
3,000 |
Ā |
60 |
|
C |
70,000 |
40,000 |
Ā | Ā |
10 |
Ā |
4) The following table indicates U.S. real GDP data. Calculate real GDP per person for 1987 and 2005. Then use real GDP per capita to compute the percentage change in real GDP per person from 1987 to 2005.
|
Year |
Real GDP (2000 prices) (in million) |
Population (in million) |
|
1987 |
$6,435,000 |
243 |
|
2005 |
$11,092,000 |
296.6 |
Calculate the missing data.
Calculate missing data from the table.
| Income/Expenditure Flows | Amount (in billions) |
| Consumption expenditure | $7 |
| Government expenditure | $5 |
| Depreciation | $3 |
| Net taxes | $2 |
| Investment | $4 |
| Net exports | $1 |
| Expenditures | |
| Income | |
| GDP |
Calculate the following.
Using the data from a partial set of national income and expenditure data, address the following:
Calculate gross domestic product (GDP) using the expenditure approach.
Determine net domestic product, gross national product (GNP), and statistical discrepancy.
| Item | Amount in 2010 (in billions) |
| Government expenditure (G) = | $8 |
| Consumption expenditure (C) = | $20 |
| Investment (I) = | $5 |
| Net exports (NX) = | $1.5 |
| GDP (expenditure approach)= | |
| Total wages = | $21 |
| Net operating surplus = | $11 |
| Net domestic product = | |
| Indirect taxes minus subsidies = | $3.5 |
| Capital consumption = | $2 |
| GDP (income approach)= | |
| Statistical discrepancy = | |
| Net factor income from abroad = | $5.5 |
| GNP = |
Consider the tables.
Given production and price data below, address the following:
Calculate an economy's nominal GDP and real GDP.
In 2000:
| Item | Quantity (millions) | Price ($/unit) | Expenditure (millions of $) |
| Socks | 15 | 5 | 75 |
| SIM cards | 20 | 2 | 40 |
| Defense Budget | 9 | 5 | 45 |
Real/Nominal GDP = 160
In 2003:
| Item | Quantity (millions) | Price ($/unit) | Expenditure (millions of $) |
| Socks | 15 | 5 | 75 |
| SIM cards | 20 | 5 | 100 |
| Defense Budget | 20 | 10 | 200 |
Nominal GDP =
2003 Quantities valued at 2000 prices:
| Item | Quantity (millions) | Price ($/unit) | Expenditure (millions of $) |
| Socks | |||
| SIM cards | |||
| Defense Budget |
Real GDP =
Answer the following questions.
How do you measure GDP?
How do you measure real and nominal GDP?
How do you determine Consumer Price Index and what are its limitations?
Which of the following expenditures will be included in GDP which will be excluded from the calculation? Explain your answers.
Spare tires bought by Across America, a car rental company
Textbooks bought by college students
Cabinets purchased by a furniture store
A new car purchased by an NFL player
A cruise ship bought by Carnival
