MMW 13 Lecture 7: lecture 7
19 May 2018
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Outline Lecture Seven—The Ottoman Empire
Key Focus This Week:
1) How three empires under Muslim rulers emerged, thrived, and fell into
decline
2) How they managed large communities of non-Muslim subjects in their
realm
3) To what extent they succeeded in addressing challenges of religious
pluralism
I. Dar Al-Islam “The Abode of Islam” by the 16th-17th Centuries
- Use “dar al-islam” to refer to vast area that had been ruled by Muslims
-
Islamic spain → umayyad
-
North Africa → coast between Mediterranean and Sahara desert *many
nomadic groups resided there*
-
Mali empire → someone like Mansa Musa, seen as part of Abode of Islam
- Indian ocean region was considered dar al-islam
a) The Link Between Various Islamic Networks
i) Moving from western edge to east
ii) Integrated by three emerging Islamic Empires by 1500s
II. The Rise of Ottomans
a) Humble Beginnings
i) Small Turkic tribe
- Nomads - penetrating areas before dominated by sedentary cultures,
and because of warrior background, usually prevail
(1) Buffer state between the Seljuks and Byzantines
- Ottomans situated between these groups
- Sometimes served as mercenaries for both sides, but
dependent on which side could provide better benefits
- Slowly increasing their own wealth in this process
- Seljuks in the east
- Byzantines in the west
- Strong military presence
(2) Ottoman Turks under Osman Bey
- Founder of ottoman empire saw the opportunity to take the
power and expand empire
ii) By the late 13th century, both major powers had been weakened
- From fighting each other, both powers declined (seljuks and
byzantines)
- Opened up new power vacuum
b) Ottoman Expansion
i) By 1300s, conquered Asia Minor and the Balkans
- Rapid expansion of ottoman empire
- Balkans: serbia, bulgaria, etc.
(1) Constantinople conquered by Mehmed II in 1453
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Use dar al-islam to refer to vast area that had been ruled by muslims. North africa coast between mediterranean and sahara desert *many nomadic groups resided there* Mali empire someone like mansa musa, seen as part of abode of islam. Indian ocean region was considered dar al-islam: the link between various islamic networks, moving from western edge to east, integrated by three emerging islamic empires by 1500s. The rise of ottomans: humble beginnings, small turkic tribe. Nomads - penetrating areas before dominated by sedentary cultures, and because of warrior background, usually prevail (1) buffer state between the seljuks and byzantines. Sometimes served as mercenaries for both sides, but dependent on which side could provide better benefits. Slowly increasing their own wealth in this process. Strong military presence (2) ottoman turks under osman bey. Founder of ottoman empire saw the opportunity to take the power and expand empire: by the late 13th century, both major powers had been weakened.
