MMW 13 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Fugger, Ninety-Five Theses, Pope Leo X
Key Focus:
What were the political circumstances behind the Protestant Reformation?
1)
What challenges did Martin Luther pose to the Catholic Church?
2)
Historical Contingency behind the Protestant Reformation
16th Century Political Developments—Emergent German Nationalism
Demands for autonomy from the Papacy and Habsburgs
Corrupt and incompetent administration by the Vatican-
appointed clergy
(1)
Luther’s Reformation—an opportunity to unite the German
princes
(2)
i)
Martin Luther’s “Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the
German Nation” 1520
Diet of Worms 1521
(1)
Staged “abduction”
(2)
Charles V’s concession in 1526
(3)
Peace of Augsburg in 1555
(4)
ii)
a)
Social Climate—The Peasant Revolt 1524-1525
Oppressed underclass had also found inspiration in the Reformation
Luther’s appeal for ecclesiastical not social freedom
(1)
Brutal suppression of peasant revolts between 1524-1525
(2)
i)
b)
Dissemination of Knowledge
More efficient postal system
Machinery of power and finances of the church became more
transparent
(1)
i)
Advent of the printing press
Gutenberg Bible 1454
(1)
ii)
c)
I)
Martin Luther (1483-1546) vs. the Catholic Church
Product of Humanism
Earned a Master of Arts degree in the university system
Acquired humanistic skills in critical reading and rhetoric
(1)
(2)
i)
a)
II)
Lecture 20: The Protestant Reformation
Tuesday, May 22, 2018
10:16 AM
Document Summary
16th century political developments emergent german nationalism i) ii) Demands for autonomy from the papacy and habsburgs (1) Corrupt and incompetent administration by the vatican- appointed clergy. Luther"s reformation an opportunity to unite the german princes (2) Martin luther"s open letter to the christian nobility of the. Oppressed underclass had also found inspiration in the reformation (1) (2) Brutal suppression of peasant revolts between 1524-1525 c) Machinery of power and finances of the church became more transparent. Martin luther (1483-1546) vs. the catholic church a) Earned a master of arts degree in the university system (1) (2) Acquired humanistic skills in critical reading and rhetoric (1) (2) Acquired humanistic skills in critical reading and rhetoric. Ordained as an augustine monk in 1507 order of the. Convinced of the innate depravity in our nature (1) The just shall live by faith alone (1) Rejected what humanists celebrated as free will and reason. Worship of saints no different from idolatry c)
