BISC104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Dihybrid Cross, Sickle-Cell Disease, Heritability

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scarletwallaby416

13 Aug 2018

School

University of Delaware

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC104

Professor

Dr.Patricia Walsh

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Document Summary

A sequence of dna that codes for a specific protein or function. Genes are located on the chromosomes, alleles are different versions of each gene. Mutation: inheritable change in dna, source of new alleles- different versions of. Crossing over- the crossing over of part of the two pairs of single strand. In meiosis you make gametes, you split the chromosomes in half twice. Sexual fertilization: half of our genes come from mom and the other half from dad. Explain how they contribute to diversity. a gene chromosomes (one from mom and one from dad). Gene for gene exchange of genetic information between members of a homologous pair of chromosomes. Explain the relationship between meiosis and the principle of segregation. Segregation is the idea that chromosomes in a cell can assort or separate into the gametes that are produced independently of each other has a lot of variation. Who is gregor mendel and why is he important? generation to the next.

Related Questions

1). Explain the significance of the fact that gametes contain half of the chromosome complement of somatic cells. Tell me something about variation, if you have a sibling (if you don't imagine you do) - how is your sibling's genetic make-up similar and/or different from yours? What about your mom and dad?

2). Explain the terms reductional division and equational division. What is reduced or kept equal? To which nuclear divisions do these terms refer?

3). What is the diploid number (2n = ?) of an organism if it has
a) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase of Mitosis?
b) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase I of Meiosis?
c) 12 chromosomes at Anaphase II of Meiosis?

4). Compare/contrast Metaphase I of Meiosis with Metaphase of Mitosis.

5). What are the two mechanisms of variation in Meiosis, and during which stage(s) does each occur?

6). Draw a diagram of a bivalent and label the following parts: centromere, sister chromatids, non-sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chiasma.

7). A diploid cell has 1 pair of acrocentric chromosomes (Chromosome 1) and 1 pair of submetacentric chromosomes (Chromosome 2).
Â· Gene X is on Chromosome 1. Gene Y is on the short arm of Chromosome 2 and Gene Z is on the long arm of Chromosome 2.
Â· The maternal chromosomes have the X, y, z alleles, whereas the paternal chromosomes have the x, Y, Z alleles.
Draw these chromosomes, labeling ALL alleles, as they might appear in Metaphase I of Meiosis.