BISC104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Angelina Jolie, Gregor Mendel, Brca1
Document Summary
Most cancers are not due to inherited mutations. *when does the chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid. Meiosis 1 ends with two haploid cells (diploid to haploid) Meiosis 2 already starts with haploid cells (haploid to haploid) Mutation --source of new alleles (versions of gene) Worked with ordinary garden peas at monastery. Nothing known about genes, chromosomes or dna. Crossed pea plants that differed in certain characteristics. Followed plants over several generations over several years. Used statistics and principles of probability to analyze data. Studied 7 different traits-- one at a time. F2: 3 yellow: 1 green (6022 yellow: 2001 green) Allele: alternate form of gene; a, a. Recessive: can be hidden by the allele for the dominant; aa. Most common fatal genetic disease in us. Protein: cftr, membrane protein, involved in the movement of salt in and out of the cell, therefore it affects transport of water. Phenotype: clogs respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system.