LING101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Bound And Unbound Morphemes, Tiger Woods, Reduplication

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Our linguistic competence enables us to combine morphemes to create new, meaningful words. Tiger woods has been rather un+husband+like these past few years. It also provides rules/constraints on possible combinations and orders of morphemes. Boy +ish +ness / boy +ness +ish. A free morpheme can appear on its own. A bound morpheme cannot appear on its own. Ex: -ness (kindness), -nary (binary), -ist (guitarist) Stem is a simple root or affixed root to which other morphemes may attach. Desire+able = desirable +ity = desirability root/stem/word stem/word. Prefixes= attaches to beginning of a stem. Derivational morphemes: (i) derive a new meaning, and/or (ii) change the grammatical category of a word. Anti - dis - establish - ment - ari - an - ism. Primarily found in child language and child-directed speech. Also found in a number of set expressions. Combining words into one, without changing the form of either part. Sometimes the meaning is relatively transparent: bittersweet, homework, sleepwalk.

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