NTDT200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Structural Material, Fluid Balance, Nutrient

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In the united states, most of us eat plenty of protein to meet our needs. Structural material: muscle, bone, hair, skin, fingernails. Critical functions: enzymes, hormones, antibodies, fluid balance, ph balance, transporters. Recommended dietary allowance (rda: 0. 8 g/kg of body weight for adults. Example: the rda for a 154-pound adult: 154 lb 2. 2 lb/kg = 70 kg, 70 kg x 0. 8 g/kg = 56 g of protein/day. Building blocks of protein are amino acids. Amino acids linked together by peptide bonds: dipeptides have 2 amino acids, tripeptides have 3 amino acids, polypeptides have many amino acids. 20 di erent amino acids in the body. Transcription: dna to mrna, occurs in the nucleus. Translation: mrna to protein, decoded to produce the speci c sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. After translation, amino acid chains fold into a particular shape. Shape determines the function of the protein. Denaturation: caused by heat, light, change in ph, alcohol, or motion.

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