PSYC414 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Frontal Lobe, Lesion, Mesolimbic Pathway
10 May 2018
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Schiz., cont. Problems with drugs
❖ Haloperidol
o D2 antagonist drug
o Works the best for the positive symptoms, but causes problems
❖ Remoxipride
o More natural
o Other problems
(Animal) models for schiz.
❖ Models are hard to come by
❖ Drug models – giving amphetamine to an animal
o Locomote
o More dose = stereotypies (i.e., moving around in corner; hyperactive)
o Good model (humans do this too)
o If humans take amphetamine too long look like a paranoid schizophrenia
o How do we tell the difference between someone who has taken amphetamine
for weeks vs. a real schizophrenic?
o withdrawal; w/ amphetamine in hospital, will go back to normal
❖ amphetamine to a schizophrenic hyperactive, increases positive symptoms, but
does’t reate e oes
❖ NVHL model
o Lesion HC early
Brain organoids
❖ From human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC)
❖ Mini brain grown in a dish
❖ Stem cells (originators of cells that differentiate into different cells)
❖ Whe ste ells are at earl stage, the a go i a diretio; hae’t oitted to
being differentiated yet
❖ People have figured ways of taking embryonic cells and put them in solutions to become
i.e., liver cells, brain cells, kidney cells
❖ We can induce cells to do different things
❖ Other cells, we can create regenerated cells (i.e., skin cells regenerate)
❖ The a take eroi ells, ad gro the ito ii rais
❖ We can look at how a brain develops
❖ Taken tissue (i.e., brain, skin) from schizophrenics, and looked at how these cells in the
brain are starting to develop
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Haloperidol: d2 antagonist drug, works the best for the positive symptoms, but causes problems. Remoxipride: more natural, other problems (animal) models for schiz. Drug models giving amphetamine to an animal: locomote, more dose = stereotypies (i. e. , moving around in corner; hyperactive, good model (humans do this too) Amphetamine to a schizophrenic hyperactive, increases positive symptoms, but does(cid:374)"t (cid:272)reate (cid:374)e(cid:449) o(cid:374)es. From human induced pluripotent stem cells (hipsc) Stem cells (originators of cells that differentiate into different cells) Whe(cid:374) ste(cid:373) (cid:272)ells are at earl(cid:455) stage, the(cid:455) (cid:272)a(cid:374) go i(cid:374) a(cid:374)(cid:455) dire(cid:272)tio(cid:374); ha(cid:448)e(cid:374)"t (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)itted to being differentiated yet. People have figured ways of taking embryonic cells and put them in solutions to become i. e. , liver cells, brain cells, kidney cells. We can induce cells to do different things. Other cells, we can create regenerated cells (i. e. , skin cells regenerate) The(cid:455) (cid:272)a(cid:374) take e(cid:373)(cid:271)r(cid:455)o(cid:374)i(cid:272) (cid:272)ells, a(cid:374)d gro(cid:449) the(cid:373) i(cid:374)to (cid:862)(cid:373)i(cid:374)i (cid:271)rai(cid:374)s(cid:863) We can look at how a brain develops.
