🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
HomeClass Notes1,200,000US530,000

AGR 3303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: X-Inactivation, Proband, Chromosome

41 views5 pages
amberalpaca608
3 Mar 2019
School
University of Florida
Department
Agronomy
Course
AGR 3303
Professor
Kevin E Kenworthy

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Lecture 11: pedigree analysis, sex-linked ad sex associated. Pedigree: pictorial representation of a family history, a family tree that outlines the inheritance of one or more characteristics. Proband: the person from whom the pedigree is initiated. Autosomal recessive traits usually appear equally in males and females. Autosomal recessive traits are more likely to appear among progeny of related parents. Sex determination: further exceptions to mendel"s expected ratios were observed due to difference in inheritance between males and females, referred to as sex-linked traits, x and y chromosomes are not homologous. Their genes do not encode the same characteristics. Role of sex chromosomes: the x chromosome contains genetic info essential for both sexes; at least one copy of an x is required, the male determining gene is located on the y chromosome. A single y, even in the presence of several x"s , still produce male phenotypes: the absences of y results in female phenotype.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents

AGR 3303
Final Exam
Study Guide
AGR 3303 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Phenotypic Trait, Reciprocal Cross, Allele
amberalpaca608
BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Wild Type, Penetrance
indigobat594
PCB 3063 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Heterogametic Sex, Pseudoautosomal Region, Proband
tanwasp406

Related Questions

Complete the following paragraph to learn about x-linked inheritance. expressed, men, sex-linked, ... Question: Complete the following paragraph to learn about X-linked inheritance. expressed, men, sex-linked,... Complete the following paragraph to learn about X-linked inheritance. expressed, men, sex-linked, repressed, X, Y, autosomal, two, one Sex-linked alleles have a different pattern of inheritance compared to those found on ____________ chromosomes. This is because on ____________ alleles, the allele is only carried on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome. That means that females can pass down diseased alleles to offspring through ____________ ____________ chromosomes, while males can pass down alleles through ____________ ____________ chromosome. For this reason, it is more likely that ____________ are afflicted with sex-linked diseases, because whatever allele is carried on their ____________ ____________ chromosome is ____________ .

According to the multiplication rule of probability, the chance of crossing two pea plants that are heterozygous for height and have none of four offspring showing the recessive short phenotype is:A. ¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼.

B. ¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾.

C. (¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼) + (¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾).

D. ¼ + ¼ + ¼ + ¼.

E. None of the above.

What characteristic is exhibited by an X-linked trait?

a) Only females have the trait.
b) Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
c) Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.

d) Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.

e) Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
What characteristic is exhibited by a Y-linked trait?
a) Y-linked traits appear only in male offspring of men with the trait.
b)Y-linked traits are only passed from father to son.
c) Y-linked traits can be passed from mother to son.
d) Both A and B are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
e) Both A and C are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
Which of the following codes for a phenotypic human male?
a) XO with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
b) XXYY with one copy of the SRY gene deleted?
c) XX with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
d) All of the above sex compliments results in a person with a sex phenotype of male.
e) XY with the SRY gene located on an autosomal chromosome?
In Drosophila, yellow body is due to an X-linked gene (Xy) that is recessive to the gene for gray body (X+). A homozygous gray female is crossed with a yellow male. What are the genotypes of the F1 progeny?
In some goats, the presence of horns is produced by an autosomal gene that is dominant in males and recessive in females. A horned female is crossed with a hornless male. The F1 offspring are intercrossed to produce the F2. What proportion of the F2 females will have horns?
a)1/2
b)3/4
c)1/4
d) All
None
a) Females are X+X+; males are X+Y.
b)Females are X+X+; males are XyXy.
c)Females are X+X+; males are XyY.
d) Females are X+Xy; males are XyY.
e) Females are X+Xy; males are X+Y.

Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.
Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.

Biology lab homework

Dragon Genes

http://www.concord.org/stem-resources/modern-genetics

BLY 121L - Take HomeAssignment

Due: Start of class time –At thestart of class next week

Answers MUST be…

• typed (no smaller than 11-pointfont)
• complete sentences (i.e., grammaticallycorrect – AND spell check!)
• THIS IS NOT AGROUP EFFORT – NO POINTS WILL BE AWARDED, IF YOUR PAPER ISSIMILAR IN CONTENT AND WORDING TO THAT OF YOURPEER’S.

Complete ALL4 modules:

1. Intro& Rules

2. Meiosis

3. Pedigree andGenes

4. The PlatesProblem

Complete and answer all of the questions fromeach module.

Introduction

Breed dragons to yield several offspring anddevelop a chart for all of the phenotypic characteristics youobserve.

• Note the genotype and dominant/recessivecondition for each trait.
• When you reach this section of theexercise, be sure to change the genotype for all traits to completethe chart.

Whatare the traits exhibited by yourdragons?

**YOUMUST TURN IN YOURCOMPLETED CHART AND IT MUST BE LEGIBLE!

Rules

Dominance and Recessive Traits

What isthe chromosome number(“n”) for thedragons?

Which trait(s)exhibit incompletedominance?

What does it mean fora trait to be incompletely dominant?

Noallelic combination is described as being heterozygousrecessive. Why do you thinkthis is thecase?

Some Traits are Sex-linked

Which dragontrait(s)is/are sex-linked?

How dosex-linked traits differ from autosomal traits?

Color and Lethal Combinations

Describehow the inheritance ofcolor is different from that of horns and/orwings.

On whichchromosome is the lethal combination exhibited? What is the lethalcombination?

Meiosis

What is the phenotypeof your new dragon?

Whichtraits areinherited from the mother dragon? AND Which traits are inherited from the father dragon?

Wereany traits expressed by the offspring that differed from either or both of the parents? If so, whatwere they?

How does meiosisallow for variation inoffspring?

How doesfertilization allow for variation in offspring?

Pedigree and Genes

Now that you know how to breed dragons, let'stry some selective breeding in the pedigree view. Use the cross tool tobreed a new generation of dragons; breed two of thedragons from this new (F1) generation. Repeat thisat least8 times.

What do younotice about the dragons as you continue to breed more generations?

Use the chromosome tool to closelyexaminethe dragons’ genes. If you had trouble answering the sex-linkedquestion above, now you can observe and compare the Xand Y chromosomes…

Can you find any genesthat are different among the members of your F8generation?

How many generationsdo you have to breed until all the dragons are exactly thesame?

You arecreating an inbred strain of dragons in the final generation(s)of this process. Write a notedescribing your strain, and explain what is “special” aboutall individuals in an inbred strain of organisms.

The Plates Problem

Try breedingsome offspring to see resultsof these crosses. Does thepattern of inheritance ofplates tell you anything useful?

Based on yourbreeding experiments, where might you expectto find the gene forplates (i.e., On whichchromosome might the gene be located?) Why do you think this iscorrect?

Dragons thatgrow plates usually do so quite late in their life, so dragons thathave a new baby don't know right away whether or not it will growplates. Which trait(s)exhibited by a baby might helpa mother dragon determine whether her baby will growup to have plates?

DragonGenes

Genotypes/Phenotypes

Trait

Phenotype

Genotype

Horns

Horns

No Horns

Wings

Wings

No Wings

Legs

4 Legs

2 Legs

No Legs

Tails

Fancy Tail

Plain Tail

Fire-breathing

Fire-breathing Male

Non-fire-breathing Male

Fire-breathing Female

Non-fire-breathingFemale

Color

Green Male

Yellow Male

Red Female

Blue Female

Brown Female

Purple Female