ANS 3043 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Microrna, Homeostasis, Heterochromatin

• School: University of Florida
• Department: Animal Sciences
• Course: ANS 3043
• Professor: Wohlgemuth Stephanie

Document Summary

Module 2: cellular growth and signaling part 2. There are four main methods of variation that takes place in cells. A different code causes variation of traits: epigenetic modification, regulation by non-coding rna, regulation of gene transcription. Building it up dna: the building plan. Histones are proteins that dna wrap around to create nucleosomes. When nucleosomes are relaxed, they are considered to (cid:271)e (cid:862)eu(cid:272)hro(cid:373)ati(cid:374)(cid:863) When nucleosomes are held tightly together, they are (cid:272)o(cid:374)sidered to (cid:271)e (cid:862)hetero(cid:272)hro(cid:373)ati(cid:374)(cid:863) Single-nucleotide polymorphisms: also k(cid:374)ow(cid:374) as (cid:862) nps(cid:863, a one-nucleotide difference within a gene, that is either silent or expressed, between members of a biological species. Quantitative trait loci: also k(cid:374)ow(cid:374) as (cid:862)qtls(cid:863, a genetic variant between breeds that is linked to a specific, quantitative trait. Copy number variations: also k(cid:374)ow(cid:374) as (cid:862)cnvs(cid:863, the addition or loss of longer segments of genomic dna by chromosomal rearrangements, both cnvs and snps are associated with development and disease. Results in the belgian blue breed of cattle.