APK 2105C Lecture Notes - Lecture 47: Aldosterone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Cortisol

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Chapter 6, Lecture 3
Endocrine Glands & Hormones
Control of plasma hormone levels
o Rate of hormone secretion
Some hormones are secreted at a constant rate—don’t change much
Thyroid hormones
Other hormones are secreted in greater amts when signals are greater
Signals are
o Neural
o Humoral
o Inhibitory
o Stimulatory
Example
o Neural signal to increase hormone secretion
o Stress neural signals CRH ACTH cortisol
target cells
Example
o Humoral signals are
Hormones
Metabolites
Ions
o Increased BG secretion of insulin more glucose
uptake decreased BG turns off beta cells
o Blood K aldosterone secretion increased K excretion
lower blood K inhibits aldosterone secretion
o 3 contributing factors
Rate of hormone secretion
Amt of hormone transported bound to carrier proteins
Protein bound hormone transport
o Hormones are water soluble or lipid soluble
o Hydrophobic hormones are transporter in blood bound to
carrier proteins
Hydrophilic hormones do not need carrier proteins
Are degraded very quickly in the blood
Proteins are water solubleable to go through the
blood
Without protein, would form large blobs that block
blood flow
o Only the conc of unbound hormones affects the binding of
hormone to receptor
There is a balance of bound and unbound
hormones
Free hormones are able to bind to receptors
o Carrier proteins increase the half-life of hormones
Keeps them in the blood longer
Decreases rate of removal
Binding to proteins keeps gives them more bulk
which allows for less degradation
Rate of hormone removal
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