BSC 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dna Replication, Cytokinesis, G1 Phase

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orchidlocust735

18 Feb 2017

School

University of Florida

Department

Biology - Biological Sciences

Course

BSC 2010

Professor

Burleigh John Gordon

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Document Summary

Divide cytoplasm and separate into two new cells. 3 domains of the living world: bacteria - prokaryotes, archaea - prokaryotes, eukarya - eukaryotes, prokaryotes - foundation for life. Eukaryotes have many chromosomes instead of just one circular chromosome. Eukaryotic cells divide by mitosis followed by cytokinesis. One nucleus produces two daughter nuclei, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. G1 (gap 1) - hanging out, may last a long time. The chromosomes become much more tightly coiled and condensed. Each chromosome has two dna molecules called sister chromatids, joined at a region called the centromere. Centrosomes served as poles toward which the chromosomes move. The spindle forms between the poles from microtubules. Kinetochore microtubules attach to kinetochores on the chromatid. Sister chromatids attach to kinetochore microtubules from opposite sides so that the two chromatids will move to opposite poles. The nuclear envelope breaks down and chromatids attach to the kinetochore microtubules.

Related Questions

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

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BSC 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dna Replication, Cytokinesis, G1 Phase

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