HUN 4446 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Glucose Tolerance Test, Polyphagia, Hyperinsulinemia
19 Apr 2018
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March 22, 2018: type 2 diabetes, 90-95% of known cases of diabetes, onset is more common after 40 yo, obesity and hypertension are risk factors, genetics (huge risk factor), inactivity also risk factors. Increasing incidence in children: defects in insulin secretion/action. Inactivity: history of gestational dm, family history, pathophysiology, defects in insulin secretion/action contributing to hyperglycemia, cellular insulin resistance. Impaired receptor responsiveness: receptor defect/decreased receptors, not all of them are working, have decreased receptors, more active more mitochondria more insulin receptors, post-receptor defect. Insulin binds to receptor but gluts don"t come to the surface to pick up the insulin. Impaired beta cell function: abnormal pattern of insulin secretion, beta cells release way more insulin than they shouls, relative insulin deficiency not enough to overcome insulin resistance. Increased lipolysis increased ffa decreased insulin sensitivity at cell level, impaired insulin secretion, increased hepatic glucose release: fat acts as physical barrier to cells.
